To: John Biddle who wrote (5593 ) 1/2/2003 11:44:33 PM From: Maurice Winn Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 12231 John, fuel cell technology is too expensive. The main problem with fuel cells is that the newest petrol-powered [gasoline-powered in American] cars are now very clean. With even better fuel, cars will be even cleaner. Methanol fuel cells would be no problem to introduce from a service station point of view because methanol is really easy to handle. An underground tank can be converted to methanol from petrol and trucks can be converted from gasoline [unless they have aluminium, or aluminum in the USA, tanks, which corrode dramatically in contact with methanol]. The main problem is that methanol and other sources of hydrogen for the fuel cell are expensive. The other main problem is that fuel cells are expensive. The main air quality problem is from diesel fuel. That can be fixed by engine technology and fuel quality and by diesel taxes pushing more people in the direction of petrol. Small vans, taxis etc should be running on petrol, not diesel. Even quite large trucks can run on petrol economically. Big trucks, which are hauling across the USA, should be running on diesel. They are running at constant speed, which enables clean-burning of fuel. They are out in the country, so there's no pall of particulates settling in one spot. Taxes could be adjusted to ensure that the economics drive people in the right direction. Fuel cells will be a solution looking for a problem by the time internal combustion engines and fuel quality is improved as much as practicable and taxes are made sensible. Similarly, superconductor filters for cellphone base stations are solutions looking for problems. It is apparently cheaper to put in smaller base stations, infilling the network, rather than cleaning up the spectrum to get the most out of it. No respect for fuel cells from me! But for cyberphones, I'm a rabid fanatical supporter and the sooner they produce them, the better. On the other hand, the Segway is battery driven, so maybe there's scope for them there. A benefit of methanol is that it's less hazardous from a fire point of view than petrol. But diesel is much safer still. Methanol can be hosed down, and if it does catch fire can be extinguished by dilution with water [unlike petrol]. Methanol burns slowly and is fun to play with. It makes a nice blue flame at night, which children can have fun jumping over. Pour a litre in a long, thin, puddle on an impermeable surface, light one end and watch the flame run along the surface. For extra excitement, pour a couple of litres across a road and it makes a fun 'fire-jump' for cars to drive through. It's good if they aren't leaking petrol when they drive through and also good if they don't stop in the flames to enjoy the warmth. Petrol floats on top of water, quickly forms a large vapour cloud, making it easily ignited, burns very rapidly with a big whoooshhhh and is horribly dangerous - many people are burned to death every year while trapped in cars. Methanol is a fun product. Very useful and versatile. But it's also very toxic. 20 ml is enough to kill some people if swallowed. Some naive people hear that it is an alcohol, so figure they might as well give it a go. I used to require NO use of the words methyl alcohol to be used on anything to do with methanol, just in case anybody got the wrong idea. [We used to run methanol-fuelled car trials in BP Oil in the good old days = early 1980s, with fuel pumps at a few locations - I got the "Methyl Alcohol" signs taken off and "Methanol" put on. Also, I got Bitrex added to make it taste disgusting. I didn't want dead people on my mind]. Methanol soaks into skin and also can be inhaled. If swallowed, the antidote to methanol is ethanol [= brandy etc]. Giving a good dose of brandy can save the person's life. I forget how much to give - that's the doctor's job. Russians used to die in numbers when mistaking methanol as a Vodka replacement. Methanol in a cyberphone would be great. Stored all through the body, it would take up no extra room, would circulate, providing cooling by convection, and evaporation from really hot components. It would give long battery life, and could be instantly refilled = zero recharge time. The cyberphone could have a cigarette lighter function, and a flashlight function [lots of electricity available so make use of it]. Also a camplight and small flame for cooking small quantities of food. It would be a hot water bottle replacement for cuddling on a cold night in a sleeping bag. Excellent for mountain climbers. Mqurice