To: Maurice Winn who wrote (27352 ) 1/12/2003 6:31:04 AM From: paul_philp Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 74559 The universe is teleological, not static and not repeating, other than in a narrow sense. There is not really ever a return to the mean. Th economy, properly, is a teleological system or a complex system. The instance on equlibria and the failure to undertand non-equilibria is why the BBR gang has it's ssore wrong. Pauliscid.org Complex Systems Complex systems research involves investigating the origin of systems with multiple interacting parts whose collective behavior cannot be simply inferred from the behavior of the individual components. In addition, complex systems research considers how parts of a system give rise to the collective behaviors of the system, and how the system interacts with its environment. Research in complex systems concerns the nature and consequences of interactions and non-linearities in systems of many objects. The field of complex systems cuts across all traditional disciplines of science, as well as engineering, management, and medicine. It includes topics such as artificial life, cellular automata, chaos, criticality, evolutionary computation, fractals, parallel computation, self-organization, and others. Complexity: 1) ...the (minimal) length of a description of the system. 2) ...the (minimal) amount of time it takes to create the system. The length of a description is measured in units of information. The former definition is closely related to Shannon information theory and algorithmic complexity, and the latter is related to computational complexity. System: A regularly interacting or interdependent group of parts forming a unified whole and delineated from the rest of the universe.