To: rrufff who wrote (14649 ) 4/19/2003 7:45:31 PM From: Brumar89 Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 21614 Len lives on the former territory of the Yamhella or Yamhill Indians. They and some other tribes now are part of the Confederated Tribes of Grande Ronde. They lost almost all their land - all but a 5 acre cemetary (see below) - but have started recovering some land only within the last couple decades. They have a land acquisition program which I've pointed out to Len. You'd think given his convictions, he'd want to give them a bit of their land back. Isn't is strange that Len who pretends to be so concerned about the Palestinians land won't give back his land which he maintains as a private park. Of course, he doesn't really give a shit about the Palestinians either. "They came from all over the Western Oregon, these proud people who today make up the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon. The Umpqua ... the Rogue River... the Molalla ... the Kalapuya ... the Shasta ... tribes and bands whose roots go back thousands of years and whose ancestors represent the blending of many different cultures. The mid-1850s marked the beginning of what many refer to as the Indians "Trail of Tears." The Donation Land Act of 1850 offered free land to white settlers who would open up farms in Oregon. By 1855, lawless frontier elements were advocating extermination of the Indians, and treaties were hurriedly drafted to clear the legal impediments to white settlement. Beginning in 1856 and for the next several years, the federal government removed more than 20 Indian bands from their homelands and relocated them on the Grand Ronde Reservation. At that time, three years prior to Oregon statehood, the Reservation contained approximately 69,000 acres. .... The Trail took still another bad turn in 1954, when Congress passed the Termination Act, severing the trust relationship between the federal government and many western tribes, including the Grand Ronde. With this Act, the more than 100-year history of the Tribe was obliterated by the stroke of a pen. In the 30 years following that dark aid misguided deed, the Grand Ronde Tribe became a virtually land less people in their own country. BUT THEN, A BRIGHTER DAY When it became painfully apparent that the Termination Act was a failure, Congress in 1983 belatedly passed the Restoration Act, reinstating many tribes trust relationship with the U.S. government, and giving them back their rightful lands. Although the Grand Rondes at this time still lacked a land base for their reservation, negotiations began between the Tribe and the Bureau of Indian Affair to reestablish the Grand Ronde Reservation through a subsequent act of Congress. They had a long way to go-what once had been a reservation covering more than 100 square miles, had over the years been reduced to a mere 5 acres, approximately, the plot of land that contained the historic tribal cemetery. "grandronde.org "By the turn of the century pressure had mounted which resulted in the cession of all unallotted lands of the Reservation except those reserved for government purposes. The disastrous effects of the General Allotment Act resulted in the alienation from Indian ownership and control of most of the allotted lands. In 1936 when the Grand Ronde people elected to come under the Indian Reorganization Act, the Tribe was able to purchase some lands to provide homes and farms for residents of the Reservation. This effort at recovery was brought to an abrupt end with the disastrous policy of termination in the 1950s. Throughout this difficult history, the Grand Ronde people have managed to remain in the Willamette Valley. For the last thirty years they have been virtually a landless people in their own land. "grandronde.org "In 1983 Congress reestablished the Federal relationship with the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon by enacting Public Law 1898-165, the "Grand Ronde Restoration Act." On November 22, 1983 the Act was approved and signed by the President. The Restoration Act provides that the Confederated Tribes shall be considered as one tribal unit ... No part of the former Grand Ronde Reservation lands are restored to the Tribe by the 1983 Act, but the law provides for a reservation plan to be developed within two years of the enactment of the Restoration Act. The Secretary of the Interior and the Tribe are to enter into negotiations for the establishment of an enlarged Grand Ronde Reservation to be established by a subsequent Act of Congress. "grandronde.org