To: one_less who wrote (70860 ) 7/23/2003 12:11:25 AM From: Solon Respond to of 82486 "you are insisting on defining an absolute as being subjective and conduct dependant " I have never done so. You made that up. An Absolute would be unconditional and independent of all contingent existence."Apparently you are unable to envision moral ideals " Wrong again."The concept of charity has not evolved through socialization and evolution of language. It is understood as “good will” by people the first time they encounter the concept today, just as it was thousands of years ago " So you assert; but the evidence points otherwise. And btw...it is not obvious that charity is viewed as good will by people. Many individuals grow up to see charity as an expression of power over them. I was such a one. And many people are very chary about even offering charity as they recognize how offensive it is to some. There have been philosophers who argued that moral values were intuitive. But these people did not deny that ideas were thoughts. So until we clarify the many contradictions of your posts, I think it best we leave their ideas alone."The concept “food” is an absolute, “pork” is not. " This is just becoming ridiculous. The sorting of objects (by thinking creatures) into categories and classes and our ability to designate things by oral sounds and written symbols--these have nothing to do with the question of whether moral values are a human or extrahuman invention."And an absolute moral principle is an absolute ideal " Listen, Jewels...please : We are not discussing whether or not humans can develop absolute ideals. It is a given that human ideals are subjective and conditional. What we are trying to pursue is the question of whether or not there are Absolute Ideals with a capital A which are embedded in the fabric of the universe or in Divine Intelligence. Now here is the problem: you have said repeatedly that these ideas are "enmeshed" in the Universe or the ether or some damn place or another--and that is just fine. But Jewels...throughout history, when people normally assert that ideas exist outside of the realm of human mind and in some spirit-world in the mind or the compass of God...these people (with few exceptions) consider these ideas to be expressions of thought. And people invariably consider that...where there is thought there is mind. Why do people believe this? Well, because nobody in all of recorded time has ever found a single instance of an idea which was not ostensibly a product of mind. An idea is not a bar of soap or a wine glass; it is an image in the mind which is the product of perceptions processed within the brain. Now look at the definition of principle (the noun):"a comprehensive and fundamental law, doctrine, or assumption " Now a definition of moral (the adjective):"1 a : of or relating to principles of right and wrong in behavior : ETHICAL <moral judgments> b : expressing or teaching a conception of right behavior <a moral poem> c : conforming to a standard of right behavior d : sanctioned by or operative on one's conscience or ethical judgment <a moral obligation> e : capable of right and wrong action " You will note that "moral" refers to "behaviour", "action", and such. So a moral principle is a principle of action, conduct, behaviour, and all other synonyms for inter-relationship. Now, a food is not a principle--nor is moral food meaningful--although "good" food is certainly intelligible. Then there is the definition of "Absolute" as it relates to meta-ethics: " FUNDAMENTAL, ULTIMATE " An Absolute Moral Principle does NOT refer to whether or not people have principles and ideals and dreams. It does NOT refer to whether or not people think or feel strongly about certain values or virtues or vices. It does NOT refer to the different degrees of certainty experienced by various people in their own minds regarding their own concepts. It refers to none of these things. Rather, it questions the existence of extrahuman rules as to how people OUGHT to live and interact with one another. As I have already demonstrated: rules, principles, and such are considered as relational concepts of mind. They reflect human values, and may be represented by oral or written language. Values reflect judgments made on the basis of both reason and feeling. Reason without approval or disapproval of feeling is empty (in my opinion), and approval or disapproval without intelligiblity is capricious. It is my opinion that our fundamental axiomatic anchors for our reasoning must use premises from a feeling base. Judgment rests on a feeling of approval or disapproval...and these rest on SELF INTEREST and the fact that life is precious to the owner of that life. Other than that, I am somewhat partial to Neocon's idea that an objective morality is laudatory as a goal. The universe is a killing machine. In the broadest sense of "life"--groups (such as planets around a star) strive to "live"--(just as the buffalo will face into the blizzard). Everything forms alliances and tries to "live". But the universe just kills and kills and kills... So a rational ethic for humans would start with this (subjective) truism: That everything must kill and destroy to live, and that some things "FEEL" more important and valuable than others. AXIOM # 1: HUMANS FIRST. ... the lettuce must die ... AXIOM # 2: HUMANS EQUAL ... we start innocent--and remain so until we violate further further rational premises. On this basis, Neo's objective morality is viable and is in fact the nature of attained efforts to this point. But we keep in mind that all "rational" ethics begin in a value of "feeling" and prejudice. Thus we have developed so many philosophies from first premises (MY happiness is all that matters, helping others is all that matters, staying calm is all that matters...and so forth).But all of this, even while being "objective", is still subjectively based, because all of our reason rests on assumed first premises, and all "moral" reasoning must begin with the approval or disapproval (feeling) of an axiomatic premise--even if this premise be intellectually hidden to the sight of the person or country. But back to you. If you are going to speak about Absolute Ideas, and if you don't consider opinions to be ideas; and if you don't think ideas are products of mind...then be a little charitable and define idea, mind, opinion, and such as they exist in your own private definitional world. Otherwise...it is truly impossible for me to share or participate. I can handle naked women. Naked reason masters me every time... It does seem to me that your "Absolute Ideas" are thought (by you) to express ( through thought) that which is intelligible and meaningful . The whole point of our discussion, though, is to communicate meaning. Can there be awareness of meaning without thought? Can thought exist apart from ideas? Can ideas exist without mind? If yes to the latter supposition, then on what basis is such agreement asserted??"I don't find that interesting so I guess we are done. " Here you inadvertently admit to subjective interest as a figurative arbiter of value. A step in the right direction, in my opinion! Congrats... :-)