To: DMaA who wrote (15632 ) 11/8/2003 10:02:27 PM From: LindyBill Respond to of 793672 The definition of Fascism"The Guatemalan model is private property, but under strict control of the state," Mr. Khodorkovsky said. "It means setting the rules, not only for business but for all of life." ___________________________________ NEW YORK TIMES - WEEK IN REVIEW Apathy Dims Russian Democracy By STEVEN LEE MYERS MOSCOW— Not long before masked agents arrested him on a cold Siberian runway, Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky sat glumly at a conference table in his gleaming corporate headquarters in Moscow and said Russia stood at a crossroads. No, he said, it was not about to become a Communist state again. The ideological questions of the 20th century — of capitalism, of business, of private property — have all been settled. The debate now, he said, is what kind of society Russia will become. "Should it be a democratic society or should it be an authoritarian society?" he said. "It is not a matter of choice between the South Korean model and the North Korean model. It is more like the choice between Canada and Guatemala." The question asked for centuries has been whether Russia was part of Europe or Asia. Now, it seems, another continent is on everybody's mind. Russia as Bolivia was the metaphor a Kremlin official used in an interview after prosecutors began their legal assault on Mr. Khodorkovsky's company, Yukos Oil, in July. "Good morning, Venezuela," was the headline in the business newspaper Vedomosti the day after the prosecutors froze 40 percent of the company's shares on Oct. 30. "The Guatemalan model is private property, but under strict control of the state," Mr. Khodorkovsky said. "It means setting the rules, not only for business but for all of life." Barely a decade after the Soviet Union collapsed, Russians can read what they want, shop in boutiques, travel abroad. "My daughter's generation — she's 19 — has seen freedom forever," said Boris E. Nemtsov, a leader of a liberal party. But what is still lacking is a passion for politics and political activism — the signs of how much faith people have gained in their own power as citizens. Last month, barely 28 percent of voters bothered to vote in the run-off for St. Petersburg's governor. The turnout was typical of recent patterns across Russia. A study published last week by two research groups found that two-thirds of Russians have never engaged in "any form of collective political participation" since the Soviet collapse. While Russia has thousands of nongovernmental organizations, from unions to environmentalists, only 9 percent of Russians took part in them in the last year, and most of that activity was in labor protests. "Any upsurge of participation in these forms of protests with the population is found at the peak of nonpayment of salaries and then drops sharply," the report said. REST ATnytimes.com