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To: stockman_scott who wrote (34404)1/7/2004 9:51:53 AM
From: jlallen  Respond to of 89467
 
Where Iraq Purchased Weapons 1973-2002

The purpose of this post is to address one of the many mythical claims about the United States popularized by some Leftists who would have us believe that the United States is the cause of most of what is wrong with the world. The myth under examination here is the claim that the United States played an important role in arming Saddam Hussein. The data comes from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute in the form of a table of the value of arms imported by Iraq from 1973 through 2002. (PDF format)

Figures are trend-indicator values expressed in US $m. at constant (1990) prices.

Note: The SIPRI data on arms transfers refer to actual deliveries of major conventional weapons. To permit comparison between the data on such deliveries of different weapons and identification of general trends, SIPRI uses a trend-indicator value. The SIPRI values are therefore only an indicator of the volume of international arms transfers and not of the actual financial values of such transfers. Thus they are not comparable to economic statistics such as gross domestic product or export/import figures.

...

Imported weapons to Iraq (IRQ) in 1973-2002

Country $MM USD 1990 % Total

USSR 25145 57.26
France 5595 12.74
China 5192 11.82
Czechoslovakia 2880 6.56
Poland 1681 3.83
Brazil 724 1.65
Egypt 568 1.29
Romania 524 1.19
Denmark 226 0.51
Libya 200 0.46
USA 200 0.46
South Africa 192 0.44
Austria 190 0.43
Switzerland 151 0.34
Yugoslavia 107 0.24
Germany (FRG) 84 0.19
Italy 84 0.19
UK 79 0.18
Hungary 30 0.07
Spain 29 0.07
East Germany (GDR) 25 0.06
Canada 7 0.02
Jordan 2 0.005
Total 43915 100.0

I made my own percentage calculations. Also, the original PDF document has the amounts by year but I extracted out only the final total column. Note that post-1990 sales listed under "USSR" probably refers to Russia or perhaps Russia plus former USSR states.

Given the US's position as largest arms merchant in the world the fact that it ties Libya for 9th place with only 0.51% of Iraq's total arms imports makes it obvious that the United States was not an important source of arms for Saddam's regime, that the US didn't even seriously try to be, and that US arms sales gave the US little or no leverage over Saddam.

In a report published in 1998 Anthony Cordesman places an even lower estimate on US arms exports to Iraq. See page 22 of this PDF which shows the US selling Iraq $5 million in arms in the late 1980s. Cordesman's report has many charts which also show just how far Iraq's economy fell during the war with Iran and afterward.

Iraq seemed to be on the edge of sustained economic development in 1979. It was a nation of 12.8 million people with a per capita income well in excess of $10,000 in constant $US 1994. However, its economy was dependent on oil wealth and construction and infrastructure oriented with massive distortions in the state and agricultural sector.

By 1986, the worst year of the Iran-Iraq War in economic terms, Iraq’s per capita income was down to $2,174, and its population was up to 16.2 million.

By 1991, the last year for which we have hard data on the Iraqi economy in market terms, Iraq’s per capita income was down to $705, and its population was up to 17.9 million. Iraq’s GNP in constant $1994 had dropped from $48.3 billion in 1984 to $16.3 billion.

Iraq’s current per capita income is probably under $1,000. The World Bank estimates that its population will climb from 21.0 million in 1995 to 24.5 million in 2000, 28.4 million in 2005, and 32.5 million in 2010.

US policy in the 1980s favored a stalemate in the Iran-Iraq war. But the US role in ensuring that outcome was very small as compared to the roles played by the USSR, France, China, and other countries in making sure Saddam's regime was not overrun. What intelligence and other assistance the US provided to prevent Iranian victory pales in comparison to the roles played by several other countries.

projects.sipri.se

projects.sipri.se

csis.org

parapundit.com



To: stockman_scott who wrote (34404)1/7/2004 10:47:07 AM
From: T L Comiskey  Respond to of 89467
 
Report: Enron's Fastows Seek Plea Bargains
2 hours,

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Andrew Fastow, the former chief financial officer of bankrupt energy trader Enron Corp., and his wife, Lea, are negotiating plea bargains that could send the couple to federal prison, the Houston Chronicle reported Wednesday.




Federal prosecutors are discussing a 10-year sentence for Andrew Fastow and a five-month term for Lea Fastow, the newspaper reported, citing unnamed sources.

The deals could still collapse, as earlier negotiations with Lea Fastow did in November, the paper reported.

A representative for the U.S. Attorney's Office for the

Southern District of Texas was not reachable for comment. John Keker, Andrew Fastow's lawyer, was also not immediately reachable.

Andrew Fastow is accused of creating complex financing structures that defrauded Enron and its shareholders. He has pleaded not guilty to nearly 100 charges.

Lea Fastow, a former assistant treasurer at Enron, is charged with six criminal counts.



To: stockman_scott who wrote (34404)1/7/2004 11:01:52 AM
From: T L Comiskey  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 89467
 
From Arianna Huffington

Dear Friends --

Happy New Year.

With my new book, "Fanatics and Fools: Why George Bush Must Lose So
The
American Public Can Win," finally finished and off to the publisher,
it's
great to be back in the column-writing saddle again…

All the Best -- Arianna

********

DEAN, BOBBY, AND THE GHOST OF LANDSLIDES PAST

Arianna Huffington

I swear, if I hear one more Democratic honcho say that Howard Dean is
not
electable, I'm going to do something crazy (maybe that's what happened
to
Britney in Vegas this weekend).

The contention is nothing short of idiotic.

Consider the source: the folks besmirching the Good Doctor's Election
Day
viability are the very people who have driven the Democratic Party into
irrelevance. Who spearheaded the Party's resounding 2002 mid-term
defeats. Who kinda, sorta, but not really disagreed with President
Bush
as he led us down the path of preemptive war with Iraq, irresponsible
tax
cuts, and an unprecedented deficit.

Dean is electable precisely because he's making a decisive break with
the
spinelessness and pussyfooting that have become the hallmark of the
Democratic Party.

So, please, no more hand-wringing about Dean being "another Dukakis".
And
no more weepy flashbacks about having had your heart broken by George
McGovern, whose 1972 annihilation haunts the 2004 Democratic primaries
like a political Jacob Marley, shaking his chains and warning about the
Ghost of Landslides Past.

There is a historical parallel to Dean's candidacy. But it's not
McGovern
in 1972, as the DLC-paranoiacs would like us to believe -- it's Bobby
Kennedy in 1968.

Like Kennedy, Dean's campaign was initially fueled by his anti-war
outrage. Like Kennedy, Dean has found himself fighting not just to
represent the Democratic Party but to remake it. Like Kennedy, Dean is
offering an alternative moral vision for America, not just an
alternative
political platform.

And like Kennedy, Dean has come under withering attack from his critics
for the very attributes that his supporters find most attractive.

"He could be intemperate and impulsive… the image of wrath -- his
forefinger pointing, his fist pounding his palm, his eyes ablaze".
Sean
Hannity on Howard Dean? No, Theodore White on Bobby Kennedy in "The
Making of the President 1968".

It's the same ludicrous charge of being "too angry" that's constantly
leveled at Dean. Have his Democratic opponents -- and the notoriously
decorous Washington press corps -- suddenly morphed into Miss Manners?
Personally, I could never trust a man who does not occasionally get hot
under the collar.

Of course Dean is angry. Take a look at what's happening in Iraq, with
another 236 American soldiers killed or wounded since Saddam was
dragged
out of his spider hole. And take a look closer to home, where we have
12
million children living in poverty, 43 million people without health
insurance, 6 out of 7 working poor families unable to afford quality
child
care, record levels of personal debt, and more and more U.S. jobs being
"outsourced" overseas. If you still have a pulse -- are you listening
Joe
Lieberman? -- you should be royally pissed.

"I have traveled and I have listened to the young people of our
nation,"
Kennedy said during his announcement speech, "and felt their anger
about
the war that they are sent to fight and about the world they are about
to
inherit."

And young people have been the spark that has lit the fuse of the Dean
campaign. As he pointed out this weekend in Iowa: "One-quarter of all
the people who gave us money between June and September were under 30
years old." So while the Democratic establishment is once again
dusting
off its tried-and-untrue swing voter strategy, Dean is running, as he
put
it, "a campaign based on addition, not subtraction. We want to add new
people to the Democratic Party so that we can beat George Bush. It's
the
only way we can beat him."

Kennedy was drawn into the '68 race by his indignation over the
direction
of America's foreign policy. "This nation," he said, "must adopt a
foreign policy which says, clearly and distinctly, 'no more Vietnams'."
Dean has been saying, clearly and distinctly, no more Iraqs, even when
70
percent of the public said they approved of Bush's policy. That's
leadership -- and the kind of boldness the Democratic Party has been
sorely lacking.

Far from Dean not being able to "compete" with Bush on foreign policy,
he's the one viable Democrat who isn't trying to compete on the playing
field that Bush and Karl Rove have laid out. No Democrat can win by
playing "Whose swagger is swaggier?" or "Whose flight suit is tighter?"
Instead Dean unambiguously asserts that "we are in danger of losing the
war on terror because we are fighting it with the strategies of the
past…
The Iraq war diverted critical intelligence and military resources,
undermined diplomatic support for our fight against terror, and created
a
new rallying cry for terrorist recruits."

In the same way that Kennedy was able to take his outrage over Vietnam
and
expand it to include the outrages perpetrated at home, Dean has gone
from
railing against the war to offering a New Social Contract for America's
Working Families that harkens back to the core message of FDR: "The
test
of our progress is not whether we add more to the abundance of those
who
have much; it is whether we provide enough for those who have too
little."

It's a message which Bobby Kennedy made central to his campaign but
which
the Democratic Party has since abandoned.

Howard Dean has resurrected it and made it his own because, as he says,
2004 "is not just about electing a president -- it's about changing
America."

That is a big vision. But anything smaller guarantees the reelection
of
George Bush.