To: russwinter who wrote (5151 ) 1/15/2004 4:41:10 PM From: mishedlo Respond to of 110194 Treasuries Reach a Junction That Could Impact Other Markets Brian Reynolds After being away for a few days, we return to find Treasury bond yields at the low end of their range of the last three months. We noted last month how it seemed that everyone, from bond managers to equity investors hated Treasuries and had positioned themselves accordingly, except for the fixed income hedge funds that unemotionally put on the carry trade whenever the opportunity presented itself. Our last note on Friday indicated that trading felt unusual in the afternoon following the soft payroll report: Instead of a small intra-day selloff that would be expected once the bond-stock relationship had been stretched, Treasury prices marched on to new intra-day highs. We noted that this was likely to be the product of short-covering of Treasuries, and our contacts indicate that there has been a lot of pain from Treasury shorts. This price action brings us to an interesting juncture. Yields have fallen enough during the past few days so that the carry trade is less appealing than it was last week; we may be near the point where traders take that trade off. Additionally, from a pure chart basis, yields on the 10-year Treasury should find technical support in the 3.93% area, which is the low yield for the September/October period. These factors argue for at least a technical bounce up in yields. However, we've written in the past that there is a segment of the bond universe for whom technicals mean nothing: mortgage investors. After a significant move in Treasuries (up or down) mortgage investors often add fuel to the fire. That is because, when yields fall, prepayments on mortgages increase because of increased refinancing activity. Those higher prepayments shorten the effective maturity of a mortgage portfolio, so mortgage managers have to buy long maturity Treasuries (or their equivalent in the swap market) to offset that shortening and maintain parity with their benchmarks, even though Treasury prices have already risen. The process works in reverse when yields rise: slower refi activity lengthens a mortgage portfolio's effective maturity, and mortgage managers sell Treasuries into a declining market. We've written how the decline in bond yields of the last few years has compressed the range of outstanding mortgage rates. As more and more people have refinanced, the bond market as been acting like an on/off switch for refinancing: we have been seeing relatively large swings in refi activity for relatively small moves in bond yields. Refis peaked in May near the 9900 level, then fell to the 2000 area in recent months. Despite this drop, refi activity is still historically high: the 2000 level had only been exceeded 4 brief times before the refi boom of 2002. Yesterday, it was announced that refis rose to 2196 from the 1700 level that this series had dipped to over Christmas and New Year's. Yesterday's release was based on activity that occurred before the payroll-induced drop in bond yields. If current yield levels hold, we would expect refis to rise to the 2500-3000 area in the next few weeks. Another 15-25 basis point drop in yields could push refi activity toward the 4000 level. Impact on Equities? So, we're at the point where a few soft economic numbers, a correction in stock prices, or covering by any remaining die-hard bond shorts could produce another surge in refis. That would then have the potential to impact other markets. We've written that, in this environment, equity investors should be more concerned over lower, not higher, Treasury yields if those lower yields are accompanied by a significant widening in corporate spreads as we saw time and again in 2002. What could cause such a widening in corporates is if worries over losses from mortgage hedging lead to wider spreads on government agency bonds relative to Treasuries. If those spreads in turn then negatively impact corporate spreads at a time of strong seasonal bond issuance it would then be a negative for equity markets. At this time, this is just a concern, and not a reason for panic. The odds are that this will be just another speed bump in the road, like other potential warning signs have been over the last year. The volatility of Treasuries last spring and summer did not have a major impact on stocks because corporate spreads were still wide enough that the volatility in Treasury yields and agency spreads subsided before corporates were impacted. But, with equities remaining in overbought territory, and with corporate spreads significantly narrower than they were then, it is a scenario to keep an eye on for signs of trouble.