To: Ilaine who wrote (47067 ) 3/6/2004 6:19:20 PM From: AC Flyer Read Replies (6) | Respond to of 74559 Good post, CB. Nevertheless, I would like to be able to get you to sign on, at least in part, to the idea that the fundamental cause of economic depressions (qualifier - in developed economies with "sophisticated" central banks) is a secular decline in final domestic consumer demand. Yes, the actions of the monetary authorities must be held up to scrutiny, and yes, there are a whole variety of policy missteps that can contribute to the severity of depressions, but the primary cause is a decline in consumer spending. Since consumer spending constitutes approximately two-thirds of (US) economic activity, it is the tail that wags the economic dog. At the risk of simplifying ad absurdum, middle-aged people spend more than people who are either younger or older, and thus the path of an economy is fated to follow the fortunes, and more specifically the numbers, of the middle-aged. The Great Depression can be very convincingly explained in this way as a result of the enormous spike in immigration to the US that occurred in the first decade of the 20th century, followed by an almost complete cessation of immigration during and following the First World War. The result, a decade long boom (the 1920s) driven by the buying activity of the now middle-aged pre-First World War US immigrants, followed by the economic time bomb that exploded in 1929 when the yawning chasm in the US population pyramid reached the age of 45 to 50 years old (US immigrants, by the way, were and are, on average, 30 years old). Incidentally, the fact that the Great Depression was a peculiarly American phenomenon, with far less impact in the Old World, a fact that has not been satisfactorily explained by any contemporary historian, is thoroughly explained by the demographic argument. The countries of Europe did not see the surge of immigration experienced by the US from 1900 to 1914 and hence fifteen years later did not experience the consequences of the cessation of immigration in 1914. The large and growing number of US citizens in the key age groups of 40 to 45 and 45 to 50 is the reason why the US economy has not busted following the 2000 tech wreck. It is why the US economy will grow solidly through the end of the decade, taking the stock markets to presently undreamed-of profit-driven heights, and it is why, following 2010, the US economy will emulate present day Japan for a period of approximately 15 years. It is also why, some say, when the worst of times follow the best of times for the US economy, we will experience in the US a 15 year Depression exceeding the Great Depression in severity. It is now 1924 (1922 if we’re lucky) for the US economy. Plan accordingly.