To: Cogito Ergo Sum who wrote (13787 ) 10/21/2004 1:57:45 AM From: mishedlo Respond to of 116555 Higher oil prices to weigh on Australian GDP growth, increase inflation - RBA Thursday, October 21, 2004 5:50:44 AMafxpress.com SYDNEY (AFX) - Higher world oil prices are likely to weigh on Australia's economic growth and put pressure on inflation over the near term, but the effects here are likely to be less pronounced than in other parts of Asia, the Reserve Bank of Australia said in its monthly bulletin. The RBA pointed out that several factors would suggest that the output implications of the most recent rise in oil prices, if they are sustained for a reasonable period, will be less serious than was the case in the two oil crises which occurred in the 1970s. It noted the current level of oil prices is not as high in real terms as at the peak after the second OPEC oil shock and nor has the latest rise been as rapid or pronounced as in the earlier episodes, while the energy intensity of aggregate world output is markedly lower than it was in the 1970s. "Perhaps most importantly, the latest episode of higher oil prices reflects significant demand-side pressures, being associated with growth in the world economy at around the highest rates in nearly 30 years, and the emergence of China and other Asian economies as major consumers of oil," the central bank said. In contrast, the RBA noted price increases in the 1970s were linked to pure supply-side shocks, "with entirely unfavourable implications for output" For Australia, the direct effects of rising oil prices are likely to be less contractionary than for most other industrial countries and its trading partners, it said. While Australia is a small net importer of oil, it is a substantial and growing net exporter of natural gas, the price of which is partly linked to the price of oil, and if oil prices remain high, it could be expected that prices for other energy sources such as coal would also increase, the RBA said "Since Australia is a substantial net energy exporter, the overall effect of higher energy prices would be to boost Australia's terms of trade, representing a net transfer of income to Australia from abroad," the RBA said. But it said higher oil prices will flow through to consumers at the gasoline pump, lowering the amount of disposable income available for other expenditure. The central bank also noted demand for exports would slow if global growth was adversely affected by higher oil prices, consequently dampening Australian GDP growth. "Overall then, the likely effect of higher global oil prices would be to reduce Australian GDP growth in the short run compared with what it would otherwise have been," the RBA said, but added that effects will not be as pronounced as they might be in other countries The central bank also noted movements in fuel prices have had a significant effect on inflation over the past year, contributing 0.4 percentage points to consumer price index inflation over the year to the June quarter. "Given the additional increases in world oil prices since the June quarter, CPI inflation on a four-quarter-ended basis will continue to be significantly affected by changes in petrol prices over the year ahead," the RBA said. It said there has also been some evidence of second-round price effects in the recent period, but to date, they have been quite limited. "For example, recent increases in ticket prices for international and domestic air travel will add marginally to CPI inflation," the central bank said. However, it said second-round effects appear likely to be contained, though the risk of more significant effects on wage and price expectations would obviously increase if oil prices continue to rise