To: Elroy Jetson who wrote (15666 ) 11/13/2004 5:35:26 PM From: mishedlo Respond to of 116555 Fed Tightening Negative At Any Level Yesterday’s FOMC meeting was essentially a non-event as the Fed raised the fed funds rate by 25 basis points as widely expected, and made only exceedingly minor changes in wording that everybody jumped on as conveying an important message. On the economy the statement said that “output appears to be growing at a moderate pace” as compared to the prior statement that the economy “regained some traction” Last time they asserted that labor market conditions had improved modestly, while this time they eliminated the word “modestly”. The current release says that “Inflation and longer-term inflation expectations remain well contained”, whereas in September they stated that “…inflation and inflation expectations have eased in recent months.” To those unversed in Fedspeak, the changes seem almost non-existent, but the current interpretation of Fed Kremlinology is that the economy is stronger and inflation lower. The Fed, however, doesn’t seem to interpret it quite that way as they still conclude as they did in September that “The Committee perceives the upside and downside risks to the attainment of both sustainable growth and price stability for the next few quarters to be roughly equal.” The Fed also stated that “policy accommodation can be removed at a pace that is likely to be measured”, indicating that further 25 point increase in rates are virtually assured for at least the next meeting and probably the one after that. In our view the difference between removal of policy accommodation and outright tightening is a distinction without a difference, and past periods of such tightening even in a low interest rate environment has often been a precursor of recession. In the late 1950s at a time of relatively low rates when few stock market watchers paid much attention to the Fed, Burton Crane wrote a book suggesting that investors could vastly improve their performance by following central bank policy and determining whether the Fed was easing or tightening. A policy of easing, he said, was bullish while a policy of tightening was bearish. His conclusions were based solely on the direction of rates, not their levels. In fact, at the time he wrote, Crane had probably never witnessed a high rate environment in his entire career. Our current review of the data indicates that Crane was onto something. The recession beginning in May 1937 was preceded by a rise in the 90-day T-bill rate from 0.11 percent to 0.55 percent. In the first four post-war recessions the start of the economic declines were preceded by rate rises as follows: from 0.92 percent to 1.14 percent; 1.74 percent to 2.20 percent; 2.60 percent to 3.35 percent; and 2.85 percent to 4.50 percent. After that rates reached far higher levels, but our point is clear. When it comes to interest rate moves, direction counts even at the low levels of today. We therefore think that the Fed is sort of playing a game of semantics here by calling its current policy a removal of accommodation rather the tightening that it is. The Fed knows that tightening is negative for the economy. Calling it something else won’t change the outcome, although it may help cheer investors. That, after all, is what the Fed is trying to do as it continues its dangerous juggling act. This is particularly true at the current time when the economic recovery has been sub-par and has been so dependent on bubbling asset values rather than rising employment and income from wages and salaries. In this environment we believe that the economy is likely to be even more sensitive than usual to rising rates. In this context we also think that too much has been made of the outwardly strong employment number that, upon examination, has a number of underlying weaknesses. This is the first strong report after four straight months in which expectations were not met even the recent upward revisions. It is also only the third month of 35 in the present recovery to record more than 300,000 new jobs when, going by past recoveries, we should have averaged more than 300,000 additional jobs per month. In addition, of the 337,000 new jobs in October, 47,000 were temps, 41,000 were government and 71,000 construction, probably mostly hurricane-related. Without these, the jobs increase wouldn’t have even reached 200,000. Furthermore, in the household survey, 85 percent of the increase was in part-time jobs while the so-called augmented unemployment rate that adds back those not looking for work but would take it if offered, jumped from 8.4 percent to 8.8 percent, the highest in 12 months. In sum, we still think this is an unsustainable economic recovery, and the Fed’s continued tightening along with the winding down of fiscal stimulation and the far lower level of mortgage refinancing are likely to create strong headwinds against growth.comstockfunds.com