To: kech who wrote (102123 ) 2/25/2005 8:36:08 AM From: Mary Cluney Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 793964 Some Economists Say the President of Harvard Talks Just Like Them I don't think so, Tom. You have to put his remarks in the full context of his speech which includes the following.It is after all not the case that the role of women in science is the only example of a group that is significantly underrepresented in an important activity and whose underrepresentation contributes to a shortage of role models for others who are considering being in that group. To take a set of diverse examples, the data will, I am confident, reveal that Catholics are substantially underrepresented in investment banking, which is an enormously high-paying profession in our society; that white men are very substantially underrepresented in the National Basketball Association; and that Jews are very substantially underrepresented in farming and in agriculture. These are all phenomena in which one observes underrepresentation, and I think it's important to try to think systematically and clinically about the reasons for underrepresentation. There are three broad hypotheses about the sources of the very substantial disparities .........the first is what I call the high-powered job hypothesis. The second is what I would call different availability of aptitude at the high end, and the third is what I would call different socialization and patterns of discrimination ....... So that everyone can understand why there is such furor, let us look at what this means in one of his examples: Let us use a subset of white men (jewish men) in the NBA as an example. It is much clearer in terms of under representation. I do not think there has ever been a player in the NBA that does not play on saturdays (as opposed to Sandy Koufax and Shawn Green in major league baseball). There are of course many Jewish men that play at the college, high school, and recreational leagues. The bell curve difference on this would be much more pronounced than women in the sciences. Yet, do you think any economist would logically conclude that one hypothesis that should be looked at is "aptitude at the high end". The scientific logic on this has been fully explored. It has been fully resolved. Dr. Summers is one of the few people in high and influential place in education (that we know of) that does not know about this and want to reopen the case with the support of all the ignorant people in the world. That is what is wrong.