To: etchmeister who wrote (15185 ) 6/6/2005 7:15:33 PM From: Proud_Infidel Respond to of 25522 Researchers propose futuristic interconnects for ICs Mark LaPedus EE Times (06/06/2005 5:19 PM EDT) BURLINGAME, Calif. — At the IEEE International Interconnect Technology Conference (IITC) here, researchers presented several futuristic technologies to solve the interconnect bottleneck in chip design. Activated bonding, air gap, carbon nanotubes, molecular wires, optical interconnects and spin-wave buses were among the technologies proposed at the event. During the keynote address on Monday (June 6), Michel Brillouet deputy director of France's CAE-Leti, also proposed biometric and communications-based schemes for interconnects in chip designs. One conceptual interconnect methodology is the so-called "bottom-up" or biometric approach. "It is appealing to translate the example of the highly connected central nervous system, which performs chemically-assembled guided growth, and provides a 3D functionally-assembled network," Brillouet said in a paper at IITC. Another possibly for future interconnects is a shift from current wire-based technology to something that resembles a telecommunications network within a chip — or an adaptive protocol-based communications network. In this case, the CAE-Leti technologist proposed a so-called network-on-chip architecture, which supports routing and switching in the device. Other interconnect technologies have also been proposed. Japan's Fujitsu Ltd. is expected to present a paper on a new breakthrough with carbon nanotubes. In the paper, the company claims that multi-walled carbon nanotubes could offer low resistance in interconnect vias for next-generation chip designs (see May 18 story). Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a CMOS-compatible approach for fabricating on-chip microfluidic cooling channels using a spin-on sacrificial polymer material at the wafer level. Separately, Research at the University of Rochester in New York on developing silicon-based building blocks for on-chip optical interconnects is another potential solution. An all-silicon, on-chip optical interconnect is a candidate to overcome the electrical interconnect bottleneck (see May 3 story). The University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) proposed three technologies for the nanotechnology era: molecular wires, resonant tunneling diodes and a spin wave bus. Molecular wires can be self-assembled onto an underlying structure and have "the potential to operate at the single-molecule level," according to UCLA. "The use of tunneling structures demonstrates another possibility of resolving the interconnect problem by constructing a homogenous cellular antomata like structures, which all local interconnections are achieved via the tunneling between the nearest nano-devices." For long-range interconnection, UCLA proposed spin-wave bus technology. The interconnections between the nano-devices can be accomplished in a wireless manner via the waves," according to UCLA.