To: Dale Baker who wrote (608 ) 6/9/2005 6:23:58 PM From: TimF Respond to of 541604 I would say to Sowell: Define welfare state in an operational way. Define multiculturalism in an operational way. Define incentives for the poor and prove the causal relationship between your incentives and actual measurable outcomes. Define new ways of life and their causal relationship to the rising up the economic ladder and provide statistical proof. Its an article not a book. He has written books as well, some of which deal with these type of issues. I don't think defining the welfare state is really all that necessary. There might be differences of opinion at the margin but people basically understand what it is. You might have more of a point with multiculturalism, particularly in terms of him presenting an argument about how it reduces incentives. I think I could make one, and I think he may have made one in his books, but there is none in that article. It's no different from those liberal intellectuals he demonizes who cheap-shot the right with grandiose assertions about their motives and actions and their outcomes. I don't think he was demonizing anyone. Making negative comments yes, but nothing that approaches deionization. No "worse than Hitler", or "as bad as the terrorists", or "un-American", or "Nazi", or "full of hate", or even "stupid". I don't see him even insulting any individuals or groups, let alone demonizing them. I just reread the article and I can't see anything about anyone's motives, or personal qualities, he is only talking about his perception of the outcome of certain ideas and policies, not deionization there. Its like someone who is against the war in Iraq saying that more people have died or suffered because of the war, than would have died or suffered from Saddam's actions. True or not its not demonizing Bush, or Republicans, or the US military, or supporters of the war. His principal point is, "The welfare state and multiculturalism both reduce the incentives of the poor to adopt new ways of life that would help them rise up the economic ladder." That and - "So long as each generation raises its own children, people from different backgrounds are going to be raised with different values and habits. Even in a world with zero barriers to upward mobility, they would move at different speeds and in different directions. " and "Many comparisons of "classes" are in fact comparisons of people in different income brackets — but most Americans move up from the lowest 20 percent to the highest 20 percent over time. " Tim