To: SliderOnTheBlack who wrote (451 ) 8/24/2005 11:15:56 PM From: Fun-da-Mental#1 Respond to of 50653 ideas/comments on alternative energy: LNG: sure, it's happening, but held back by the "not in my backyard" syndrome - nobody wants new facilities near them - second only to nuclear as a potential disaster. Ethanol: okay up to a point, but to actually replace gasoline would take way too much farmland. Biodiesel: Yes, this can work, but only by using the new method of producing it from algae, and this method is very new, not commercialized yet at any size. Land plants are way too inefficient for really large scale production. For ethanol you can use most of the plant, but for bio-diesel you can only use the oil in the seeds, which is maybe like 1% of the biomass. Solar: again okay up to a point, but to actually replace fossil fuels you run into four problems: 1) real estate 2) climate - it has too be sunny - tough luck if you're too far north 3) weather - makes the supply unreliable. You'll always need other sources that you can turn on when it gets cloudy. 4) nighttime - it's fine for a homeowner to store solar electricity in batteries to use during the night, but imagine the size of the batteries you'd need to power the whole country overnight Wind power: same problem as solar - it's great when the weather cooperates, but what happens when the wind doesn't blow for a few days. That means solar and wind can only constitute a certain percentage of total power generation. What percentage? I don't know, maybe 20%? - because you don't want to be turning all your power plants on and off on a daily basis - they can't operate like that. Geothermal: This may have a lot of potential. Unlike solar and wind, it's reliable: pump cold water down, get hot water up, 24/7. The nation of Iceland runs almost entirely off geothermal electricity. Tidal power: There's a lot of power potentially there, but the initial investment is huge, plus imagine how unpopular it would be from an environmental point of view to be damming up large sections of coastline. Hydroelectric (damming rivers): Not much growth potential - Most of the available sources are already being used, or are environmentally protected. Nuclear: We have the technology... Coal: Cheap and abundant! You can even make gasoline out of it! Tar sands: The way of the future. But that doesn't mean it's a good investment. The limiting factor is how fast they can build new facilities. It takes many years, and the plans are public, so the growth forecast is pretty much fixed, and already discounted in the stock price, at least for the obvious players. Maybe buying real estate in Fort McMurray, Alberta is the way to play this. Fuel cells: Yes, this has potential, but don't forget - unlike all the other things listed here, FUEL CELLS ARE NOT A SOURCE OF ENERGY. They are just an efficient and clean way of converting energy from one form (chemical) to another (electrical). You still need to get the hydrogen fuel from somewhere. There are two ways of doing this: 1) You run an electrical current through water, to electrolyse it into hydrogen and oxygen. Then you bottle the hydrogen and distribute it for use in fuel cells, where it is converted back into electricity. It's just like a battery. The electricity to charge it has to come from some other energy source. 2) You use fossil fuels which contain hydrogen, for example natural gas. You break it down into hydrogen and carbon, run the fuel cell off the hydrogen, and normally the carbon is released in the form of carbon dioxide. It's just like burning natural gas, except it's somewhat more efficient and cleaner. Of these two methods the first is ridiculous, you might as well just use batteries. That writes off companies like Ballard and Plug Power. The second method has merit, it is the most efficient method of using fossil fuels, especially when coupled with a turbine to use the waste heat. Fuel Cell Energy (FCEL) specializes in this, so I expect eventually they'll take off, although the commercialization process seems to be slow. Also solid oxide fuel cells (like from Global Thermoelectric) are a good way to produce electrical power for vehicles - from fossil fuels, not hydrogen.