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Politics : Formerly About Advanced Micro Devices -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Elroy who wrote (277172)	2/28/2006 4:11:33 AM
From: Jim McMannis	Respond to of 1578288

AK might just be a Kazak! <G> Origin of the Kazak People he first occurence of the name "Kazak" is registered in a Turkish-Arabic dictionary of 1245 which was probably compiled in Egypt of the period when it was reigned by the Mamelukes (guardsmen) who came from the steppes of Kazakstan and the region north of the Black Sea, were called "Kypchak Turks" in Muslim sources, "Polovets in ancient Russian annals and "Komans" in European and Byzantine chronicles and were ancestors of the Kazaks and other Turkish-speaking peoples. The word "kazak" means "independent", "free", "wanderer", "exile". But in the 13th-century Egypt this word was not yet used as an athnic name. It acquired this meaning later on the territory of Kazakstan in the 15th-16th centuries. Thus, the original meaning of the word "kazak" is a social one: at first it had neither political nor ethnic content, but designated a free person that broke away from his people and lead a life of an adventurer. The word was also used to designate a group of nomads that has broken away from the state to which they used to belong and with which they were in the state of war. Such people were the nomads of Khan Abulkhayr's state, or the Uzbek Khanate, that formed after the break-up of the Golden Horde on the territory of Kazakstan of th 14th-15th centuries. The subjects of Abulkhayr's state came from different Turkish-speaking nomadic tribes, but they also had common name "Uzbeks". They were nomadic livestock breeders and obeyed their leaders-sultans from the clan of the Genghisids some of whom defied Abulkhayr's authority, like his distant relatives Janibek and Ghirei. Together with their supporters, they moved to Zhetysu (Semirech'e), the land in south-eastern Kazakstan that was destined to become the site of the Kazak capital. As they escaped the despotism of a ruler, they were called "kazaks". But since they still belonged to Uzbek tribes, they were called "Uzbeks-Kazaks". After 1468, the hour of triumph came for Ghirei and Janibek, who managed to unite all Uzbek-Kazaks, enemies of Abulkhayr's dynasty, in the steppe from the Volga to the Irtysh. Ghirei and Janibek, who became co-ruling khans, and their supporters preferred to be called Kazaks, by the name under which they had wandered and won the victory. Since the time of Ghirei's rule, the word "Kazak" began to oust the word "Uzbek" as the name of the country's inhabitants. Burunduk Khan (1473-1511) was already known as a ruler of Kazaks.