To: regli who wrote (58951 ) 4/21/2006 9:05:05 AM From: shades Respond to of 110194 Under Hu, China Is Tightening Controls On Media . By Christopher Bodeen Of THE ASSOCIATED PRESS SHANGHAI (AP)--From Rolling Stone to online essayists to a scrappy Beijing newspaper, a wide range of media have felt the effects of an official campaign to tighten controls on what Chinese see and read. Under President Hu Jintao, who visited Washington this week, the communist government has been challenging growing public appetites for information and entertainment by stepping up efforts to stamp out content deemed politically or morally dangerous. Publications have been shut down. Dozens of journalists have been jailed. Others were fired or demoted. "All Chinese journalists to whom I have spoken say that freedom has vastly decreased since 2003," the year Hu took over as president, said Ashley Esarey, a scholar of Chinese politics and media at Middlebury College in the U.S. Hu is believed to be committed to media policies aimed at ensuring one-party rule by restricting free speech and reducing exposure to Western concepts of multiparty democracy and human rights. Hundreds of small publications have been shut down, while regulations on Web site content have been tightened. China is believed to be the world's leading jailer of journalists, with at least 42 behind bars, many on security or subversion charges. Freezing Point, a weekly supplement in the Communist Party's China Youth Daily newspaper, was ordered to halt publishing after it printed an article in February questioning the official approach to history. Editor Li Datong and his deputy, Lu Yuegang, were fired. When the supplement reappeared a short time later, it lacked its formerly pointed content. Under Hu, methods of taming the press have become more subtle, aimed primarily at encouraging self-censorship. The government used to distribute regular memos to editors telling them not to report on sensitive topics. But now publications receive demands "not to sensationalize," said an editor in Shanghai, who asked that neither she nor her publication be identified for fear of official retaliation. Esarey said a survey he led of more than 10,000 Chinese newspaper articles published since the 1980s showed a steady decline in content critical of the government. He said Hu's relative lack of personal authority and popular support may be making him even more inclined toward tight control. Activists have accused foreign companies of cooperating with Chinese censorship efforts in an effort to win access to a market with 111 million Internet users and hundreds of millions of potential magazine and other customers. Yahoo! Inc. (YHOO) has handed over emails that Chinese prosecutors used to convict dissidents. Microsoft Corp. (MSFT) agreed to shut down the blog of a Chinese user. Google Inc.'s (GOOG) new Chinese search engine filters out results for sites banned by Beijing. Rolling Stone's troubles appeared to be political, though not due to its content. The Chinese edition was launched in March, but was quickly declared illegal - apparently due to a little-known government order last year that banned new magazine joint ventures. Officials have offered few details. The magazine returned with a second edition in April, replacing the "Rolling Stone" name with "Audiovisual World" but with the content largely unchanged. "We just wanted to keep the style of the magazine," said editor Hao Fang, who laughed but offered no explanation when asked the reason for the name change. In a typically vague pronouncement, Chinese media were told recently to use less foreign content. Television channels such as CNN and the British Broadcasting Corp.'s BBC World are limited to hotels and apartment buildings where foreigners live. But the government still monitors the signals and routinely blacks out broadcasts on sensitive topics. On Friday, CNN and the BBC were repeatedly blacked out, apparently to prevent viewers in China from seeing a Falun Gong protester at Hu's White House appearance a day earlier. (END) Dow Jones Newswires April 21, 2006 08:47 ET (12:47 GMT) Copyright (c) 2006 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.- - 08 47 AM EDT 04-21-06