To: ManyMoose who wrote (4088 ) 5/5/2007 1:29:48 PM From: sandintoes Respond to of 4641 Finegan's Wake has a poem about Quarks also.. TelexExternal LinkInternal LinkInventory Cache Quarks This nOde last updated February 26th, 2004 and is permanently morphing... (7 Cauac (Rain) / 7 K'ayab (Turtle) 69/260 - 12.19.11.0.19) quark (kwôrk), any of a group of ELEMENTARY PARTICLES that are the basic constituents of all hadrons. Quarks have fractional charges of 1/3 or 2/3 of the basic charge of the electron or proton. There is evidence for five kinds, or flavors, of quarks: up, down, strange, charm, and bottom; the discovery of evidence for the existence of the sixth, labeled top, was announced in 1994. Each flavor of quark is believed to come in three varieties, differing in a property called color. The baryons, a subgroup of the hadrons that includes the proton and neutron, consist of three quarks. A proton consists of two up quarks and a down quark, and a neutron of two down quarks and an up quark. Three antiquarks make up the antibaryons. Mesons, the other subgroup, consist of a quark-antiquark pair. quark (kwôrk, kwärk) noun A soft, creamy acid-cured cheese of central Europe made from whole milk. [German, from Middle High German quarc, of Slavic origin.] quark (kwôrk, kwärk) noun Any of a group of hypothetical elementary particles having electric charges of magnitude one-third or two-thirds that of the electron, regarded as constituents of all hadrons. [from Three quarks for Muster Mark!, a line in _Finnegans Wake_ by James Joyce.] Word History: "Three quarks for Muster Mark!/Sure he hasn't got much of a bark/And sure any he has it's all beside the mark." This passage of James Joyce's Finnegans Wake is part of a scurrilous 13-line poem directed against King Mark, the cuckolded husband in the Tristan legend. The poem and the accompanying prose are packed with names of birds and words suggestive of birds, and the poem is a squawk, like the cawing of a crow, against King Mark. Thus, Joyce uses the word quark, which comes from the standard English verb quark, meaning "to caw, croak," and also from the dialectal verb quawk, meaning "to caw, screech like a bird." But Joyce's quark was not what it has become: "any of a group of hypothetical subatomic particles proposed as the fundamental units of matter." Murray Gell-Mann, the physicist who proposed these particles, in a private letter of June 27, 1978, to the editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, said that he had actually been influenced by Joyce's word in naming the particle, although the influence was subconscious at first. Gell-Mann was thinking of using the pronunciation (kwôrk) for the particle, possibly something he had picked up from Finnegans Wake, which he "had perused from time to time since it appeared in 1939. . . . The allusion to three quarks seemed perfect" (originally there were only three subatomic quarks). Gell-Mann, however, wanted to pronounce the word with (ô) not (ä), as Joyce seemed to indicate by rhyming words in the vicinity such as Mark. Gell-Mann got around that "by supposing that one ingredient of the line 'Three quarks for Muster Mark' was a cry of 'Three quarts for Mister . . .' heard in H.C. Earwicker's pub." fusionanomaly.net