To: Wharf Rat who wrote (113329 ) 8/19/2007 7:49:12 AM From: T L Comiskey Respond to of 361660 PERU - Scientists said the 8/15 8.0 quake was a "megathrust", a type of earthquake similar to the catastrophic Indian Ocean temblor in 2004 that generated deadly tsunami waves. "Megathrusts produce the largest earthquakes on the planet." The temblor occurred in one of the most seismically active regions in the world at the boundary where the Nazca and South American tectonic plates meet. The plates are moving together at a rate of 3 inches a year. The last time a quake of magnitude 7.0 or larger struck Peru was in September 2005, when a 7.5-magnitude earthquake rocked the country's northern jungle, killing four people. In 2001, a 7.9-magnitude quake struck near the southern Andean city of Arequipa, killing 71. In 1970 an 8-magnitude quake left at least 60,000 dead, in one of the country?s worst tragedies. Extreme winter temperatures are endangering the lives of thousands of children and their families whose homes have been destroyed by the Peru earthquake, warns children's charity Save the Children. 80-100% of housing in the worst affected areas around Pisco and Chincha Alta has been demolished by the quake. Up to one million people live in the area, and may have been affected. As temperatures drop to near zero at night, families are struggling to survive with no shelter and few blankets. Thousands are sleeping in the open air, forced to scavenge for firewood in an attempt to keep warm. Lack of food, clean water and medical supplies is posing a major threat. Severe damage to roads and to landline and mobile networks is still hampering rescue efforts, with little reliable information available from a large part of the affected region as to the extent of the devastation. In Pisco, continuing tremors are still traumatising children. In addition to having to sleep in the cold, many have also been separated from their families during the chaos, and are extremely vulnerable to abuse due to growing disorder in the city. In the rural areas around Ica, highly toxic chemicals such as cyanide, used by families working in small silver and limestone mines, may have contaminated water supplies. Save the Children is accepting donations for Peru via its website www.savethechildren.org.uk. politics.co.uk