To: cosmicforce who wrote (46807 ) 1/26/2008 9:37:49 AM From: epicure Read Replies (2) | Respond to of 542024 Well, yes and no. I think what countries do fits that bill- but people can often be categorized as either brave, or cowardly. I, of course, don't see those words as very value laden. Cowardly often means sensible and wanting to preserve one's life- which (imo) makes complete biological sense. Bravery often ends the life of your genes. Sometimes I wonder if we don't sometimes praise things that we want to see in others, but don't want to do ourselves- meaning that hypocrisy would be a terribly efficient biological strategy- which is maybe why we see so much of it? Perhaps this is a societal evolutionary strategy, if you think beyond the evolution of the individual, to put pressure on certain individuals, who lack a strong drive to protect their own lives, to protect the "group". In any large crowd there are will only be a small percentage that will sacrifice their lives for something or someone else. Most soldiers, as we discussed another time, want merely to survive. They aren't interested in "heroics". So perhaps the goal of the emotional investment in these words (by the "We know it when we see it" folks) is to place peer pressure in the society that will tip the scales for those people who have a predisposition to what we might call foolhardy behavior, if it did not benefit us. (I don't say anyone does this consciously- goodness knows most of what humans do, they do unconsciously.) So I'm much more interested in bravery as act defying death and pain- as compare to the more normal continuum of existence- than I am in geopolitical actions :-) I find the drama of the human fascinating- and labeling, of course, plays a huge part in that drama- whether on the playground, or here on SI, or in the greater world, and I like to "read the labels".