To: Chip McVickar who wrote (30194 ) 3/17/2008 1:09:18 PM From: Chip McVickar Respond to of 206823 bloomberg.com Harvard's Feldstein Says U.S. Economy in a Recession (Update2) By Matthew Leising and Steve Matthews March 14 (Bloomberg) -- Harvard University economist Martin Feldstein, a member of the group that dates business cycles in the U.S., said the nation has entered a recession that could be the worst since World War II. ``I believe the U.S. economy is now in recession,'' Feldstein, president of the National Bureau of Economic Research, told the Futures Industry Association conference in Boca Raton, Florida. ``Could this become the worst recession we have seen in the postwar period? I think the answer is yes. I would emphasize the word `could.' '' Feldstein's remarks represent the first time that a member of the NBER's business-cycle dating committee has publicly described the current downturn as a recession. The economy may not respond quickly to Federal Reserve interest-rate cuts, and a package of tax rebates and investment incentives will offer only a temporary boost, he said. Investors today raised their bets that the Fed will slash interest rates by a full percentage point next week after the central bank and JPMorgan Chase & Co. agreed to provide emergency funding to Bear Stearns Cos., the fifth-largest U.S. securities firm. Bush administration officials including Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson have avoided saying the economy is in a recession. ``We have slowed down very significantly,'' Paulson said in a National Public Radio interview yesterday. ``I'm not getting into'' whether it is a recession. The economy expanded 0.6 percent at an annualized pace last quarter, and economists surveyed by Bloomberg News this month predicted the pace will slow to 0.1 percent in January to March. Job Losses The U.S. unexpectedly lost jobs in February for the second consecutive month, a government report showed on March 7. A private report today showed consumer sentiment this month sank to a 16-year low. ``By almost every measure the U.S. economy is moving sideways or slightly down for the last few months,'' said Feldstein, who in January put the odds of a recession at more than 50 percent. The collapse of the market for subprime loans, those given to borrowers with the weakest credit, has cost global financial companies $195 billion in asset writedowns and credit losses since the beginning of 2007. The losses have caused liquidity in financial markets to dry up. Financial markets are exhibiting a pervasive ``unwillingness to trade'' and are suffering a ``loss of confidence'' about valuations of assets, said Feldstein, who is retiring as NBER president this year. Rate-Cut Odds Traders are betting there's a 50 percent chance the Federal Open Market Committee will cut its benchmark rate by a percentage point to 2 percent on March 18, according to trading in federal funds futures. That's up from a zero probability yesterday. The central bank has cut rates from 5.25 percent in August. ``Monetary policy is not likely to have the favorable traction in this slowdown that it has had in the past, in part because of what is happening in housing and in credit markets,'' Feldstein said. A fiscal-stimulus package will help growth in the second half of the year, though that is ``not very likely to do more than cause a pause'' in the downturn, he said. Revised Data Committee members say any formal determination of a recession may still be months away, in part because economic data is frequently revised. Feldstein said that while some data may be updated, it is ``very likely'' that reports will confirm a recession this year. The Cambridge, Massachusetts-based bureau defines a recession as a ``significant'' decrease in activity over a sustained period of time. The declines would be visible in gross domestic product, payrolls, production, sales and incomes. The committee says it usually determines a recession six to 18 months after one begins. It last declared a contraction officially in November 2001 that started in March of that year. The U.S. has had 10 recessions since 1945 that have averaged about 10 months each. The longest lasted 16 months in 1981 and 1982 when the Federal Reserve, under Chairman Paul Volcker, raised interest rates to as much as 20 percent to battle soaring inflation. ``Given the retrospective nature of our process, no determination of a peak in activity is likely in the next few months,'' Robert Hall, a Stanford University economist who leads the NBER's business-cycle dating committee, said March 7. ``There is a good chance that when all the data are in they will show that we entered a recession in the first months of 2008,'' Harvard University economics professor Jeffrey Frankel, another member of the committee, said in an interview on March 12. To contact the reporter on this story: Steve Matthews in Atlanta at smatthews@bloomberg.net Last Updated: March 14, 2008 17:10 EDT