To: Lane3 who wrote (1466 ) 10/1/2008 8:49:03 PM From: Joe NYC Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 39365 Lane, Re: what causes inflammation. I will give it a shot, but I may not be able to give the issue justice. The last refinement of Dr. Sears theory (about 3/4 of the way through his last book) gives a lot of info of what it is that causes inflammation, but (unless I skipped something) it is light on why human organism developed that way. The inflammatory (also anti-inflammatory and celural repair) agents are tiny celular level hormones, short lifespan, yet very powerful hormones called eicosanoids. They use, as a raw material for their creation: essencial fatty acids EPA (Omega 3 derived), AA - arachidonic acid and DGLA (both Omega 6 derived) as their building blocks. These 3 raw material sources do circulate in blood and are measurable by a blood test (one I want to take sometimes in the future). When cells need to do their signaling or response work, they create one of these agents (eicosanoids) from the raw material available (EPA, DGLA or AA) to communicate and do their work. If the right raw material is avaiable, that raw material is used, if not, one of the other is grabbed and used. The messages between the cells can be "biased" based on which raw medium is used to create the messenger. AA is the inflammatory medium, DGLA is the anti-inflammatory and celular repair medium, EPA mediates between the two, opposes AA. As long as the raw materials are available in the right balance, everything works perfectly well - inflammation when you need it, shut off of inflammation when its work is done. Or to put it another way, given THE diet, the diet humans developed to live on, creation of eicosanoids is as needed. THE diet is one that humans lived on the longest - Paleolithic diet. Paleolithic diet was what was a given, and all the vital functions evolved from that. If you recall from from various articles published, the ratio of the source material, Omega 6 to Omega 3 was roughly 1:1. That "1" on the Omega 6 side turns to DGLA. A fraction of the DGLA is used up for its eicosanoids (some anti-inflammatory), the other fraction is converted into AA, which in turn can be used for creation of its own ecosanoids (pro-inflammatory). EPA (Omega 3) mediates between these two. If it is high enough, excess AA will not be created. The other agent that "mediates" between AA is overall insulin level. The higher the insulin level, the more DGLA will be converted to AA. Fast forward to last couple of millenia (a milenium is just a milisecond in human evolution). The perfect system system developed based on fatty acid balance in food (hence the bloodstream) comes under 2 assaults. 1. cheap and plentiful vegetable oils (Omega 6) 2. cheap and plentiful carbs The balance of Omega 6 to Omega 3 shoots up to 10:1. So, there is 10x raw material available on the Omega 6 side, with no more, or actually less (for people who don't eat fish or fish oil) Omega 3 availale to slow down conversion of raw Omega 6 oils into active AA. And not just that, high carb diet that causes high insulin, and insulin is the agent that in fact _accelerates_ the conversion of Omega 6 fatty acids to AA. The result is a completely new, unheard of ratio of fatty acids circulating in the bloodstream. Severalfold increase in AA, no increase or decrease of EPA and DGLA. So now, when a cell in the body asks for a raw material to create an eicosanoid, 10 or 20 (WAG) AA sources are offered before an EPA or DGLA is offered. So the cell takes what is available, if it can't get what it wants. The resulting messenger and message turns out to be overwhelmingly biased in pro-inflammatory direction. It kind of reminds me the liberal US media (being the arachidonic acid), BTW, but I digress... Joe