To: SilentZ who wrote (540504 ) 1/4/2010 11:45:11 AM From: tejek Respond to of 1573691 A tale of two states.......Pa. political leaders must do more about the natural gas bounty Published: January 3, 2010 Like everything else in nature, the Marcellus Shale natural gas field pays no heed to man-made contrivances, such as the political boundary lines on maps. The Marcellus Shale, formed millions of years before humans started marking the surface, meanders from the Catskill Mountains, diagonally across Pennsylvania and into West Virginia.What is remarkable is the different approaches that states have taken to development of the gas fields. Pennsylvania politicians have strived mightily to get out of drillers' way, for example, while their counterparts in New York have determined that water is a more important resource than gas. Key environmental issues remain unresolved as the pace of drilling and gas extraction accelerates in Pennsylvania. In New York, by contrast, the state continues to carefully analyze the environmental impact of drilling before authorizing it. The issues revolve around water. Modern processes that enable drillers to get to the gas, which is trapped in rock deep underground, require the use of vast amounts of water. That water is extracted from surface sources such as ponds and rivers, and in some cases from wells. It is mixed with chemicals and injected underground at high pressure to fracture the rock and free the gas. Even as extraction rates increase in Pennsylvania, the state and drillers themselves have not finally resolved crucial issues regarding the treatment of billions of gallons of water that are contaminated in the process. While the state does require that the chemicals used be made a matter of public record, what is not public is the exact combination of the chemicals, and in what concentrations a given company uses. What's more, the state continues to play catch-up on monitoring and enforcement. Drilling has been on hold in New York as the state has collected data on its own and from interested parties. A team of engineers and geologists hired by New York City to examine the potential impact of drilling near the city's water sources in the Catskills has concluded, for example, that tons of chemicals could be added to the ground every day for years, and that its impact could not reliably be predicted. The genie is out of the bottle in Pennsylvania. Whereas the economic impact in local communities as well as statewide warrants exploitation of the massive gas field, the state retains the obligation to ensure that the extraction does not cause long-term environmental damage. While dissimilar geologic and other relevant factors make comparisons with gas plays in other regions of the nation risky, Pennsylvania's leaders in Harrisburg must demand the examination of results of the analyses in states over the Marcellus Shale, and apply them to drilling that already is under way across the commonwealth. Meanwhile, local political officials, as well as those at the state level, must continue to insist that towns and municipalities share in revenue that will be generated from the drilling to maintain the infrastructure the gas industry naturally will wear down in pursuit of prospecting, drilling, extraction and transmitting of the natural resource. Finally, local governments who themselves benefit from gas lease and royalty revenue must ensure that all residents, property taxpayers included, share in the bounty.