To: THE ANT who wrote (61981 ) 3/26/2010 8:55:11 AM From: elmatador Respond to of 218055 Sky-High Interest Rates Come Without a Price: Alexandre Marinis March 25, 2010, 9:15 PM EDT Commentary by Alexandre Marinis March 26 (Bloomberg) -- In most countries, an interest rate increase can be as damaging to a presidential campaign as a sex scandal. Brazil isn’t like most countries. So while most leaders fear that high rates might curb economic growth or raise unemployment and turn off voters, Brazilians manage not to be all that concerned with the country’s sky-high high interest rates. That’s good news for President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, who wants to see his cabinet chief and hand-picked candidate Dilma Rousseff become Brazil’s next leader later this year. Latin America’s largest economy is growing at an annualized rate of 8 percent, analysts are forecasting higher inflation, credit is expanding and government officials don’t want to curb spending. As a result, higher interest rates are likely. Brazil’s inflation-adjusted, or real, annual interest rate is about 4 percent, among the highest in the world. Still, some suggest the country’s central bankers will raise rates only slightly -- or delay any move -- before the presidential elections scheduled for October. Others say monetary policy somehow will be tied to central bank President Henrique Meirelles’s possible decision to resign soon in order to run for office in his home state of Goias. This speculation is off the mark. Finance Charges Since 2003, the relationship between Brazil’s Selic benchmark interest rate and the president’s popularity has been weak. The length of time consumers are granted to pay off credit has had much more of an impact. When buying a car or a refrigerator, Brazilians rarely focus on the interest rate they pay to finance the purchase. Instead, they pay attention to the size of the monthly payment and how much it eats into their budget. Longer duration loans have smaller installments, although the interest expense is larger. In 2008, the central bank increased the country’s benchmark interest rate to 13.75 percent from 11.25 percent. Contrary to what you might assume, Brazilians weren’t upset by the move. In fact, the government’s approval rating rose 11 points, to 69 percent of those surveyed by Ibope, an independent Brazilian polling company. The anomaly is explained by what happened during this period to average consumer credit terms, which increased to 486 days, from 451, according to central bank data. With an extra month to pay for things, Brazilians applauded the government even though they were paying higher interest costs. Public Approval Last week, the National Confederation of Industry, which is usually critical of Brazil’s high interest rates, released a poll showing that a majority of the population approves of the government’s interest-rate policy, something that hasn’t happened since 2003. On March 17, in a close vote that surprised most analysts surveyed by Bloomberg, the central bank decided to keep the Selic rate unchanged for the eighth month in a row at a record low 8.75 percent. Most of the 100 analysts surveyed by the central bank on March 19 expect this rate to increase to 9.25 percent on April 28, when the bank’s directors meet again. Analysts forecast that the Selic will climb more and peak at 11.25 percent in October, around the time of the election. As the polls suggest, the Selic rate doesn’t affect the government’s popularity and won’t necessarily hurt the chances of Lula’s candidate winning the presidency. That’s why those who argue that Brazil’s monetary policy will be shaped by the electoral cycle are wrong. Economic Drivers The timing and the size of Brazil’s next interest-rate hike won’t be dictated by Meirelles’s decision to leave the bank, by the political inclinations of his likely successor, or by the elections. It will be driven by the pace of Brazil’s economic growth and by actual and expected inflation rates. The 2.5 percentage-point rise in the Selic rate that analysts expect for 2010 matches the 2008 increase. And it’s just as unlikely to damage Lula’s popularity or stifle support for Rousseff. The only sure thing is that Brazilians will soon be spending more money on interest payments for their purchases. Any concern about the electoral consequences of interest rate hikes is misplaced, unless the average length of consumer credit starts to shrink. Click on “Send Comment” in the sidebar display to send a letter to the editor. --Editors: Steven Gittelson, James Greiff To contact the writer of this column: Alexandre Marinis at amarinis1@bloomberg.net To contact the editor responsible for this column: James Greiff at jgreiff@bloomberg.net