To: elmatador who wrote (65218 ) 8/13/2010 3:11:35 AM From: dybdahl 3 Recommendations Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 217570 Sorry, guys, I have to react to your discussions, before it becomes prejudical: DNA exchange is underestimated by most popular science articles. For instance, they may present you with the path of the mitochondria, showing that most people descend from very few women, and even showing the route that the mitochondria DNA took. However, the world is much more complex than that, and and DNA exchange has happened in many directions across many paths, many times. Some DNA that doesn't exist any more, may have facilitated the geographical move of other DNA, and there are many other mechanisms not yet understood. If you draw a traditional ancestry tree, each current living person had 2^(1000/30)=9,000,000,000 ancestors 1000 years ago, anticipating 30 years per generation.. 2000 years ago it was approximately 73,786,976,294,838,206,464 ancestors. As you can see, this is not possible, and we basically all descend from the same people. There is no doubt, that about 300-800 years ago, there was a black african amongst my ancestors, based on our genetics. His or her genes has spread pretty much in Europe, in many countries, and he or her may have millions of descendents today. In similar ways, many current Africans have ancestors from Europe. However, because of sociology and environment, some genes survive better than others - skin color, for instance, seems to adapt to latitude. If mobility would be significantly reduced, USA would slowly evolute towards a specific skin color that is not white and not dark black. Does this mean that there is no difference between blacks and non-blacks? No. There is a difference. But there is also a difference between British and Irish, and between Swedes and Danes. The Swedes have the origin of natural blondes, and compared with the rest of Europe, lactose tolerance is at a maximum in Denmark and Sweden. It simply increases chances of reproduction in our environment. Culturally, native Americans belong to a group that includes Inuit, Maya Indians, Siberian hunters, Lappland, the Finnish culture and Hungary. The culture is extremely old and includes things like Shamans, and singing of death to new-born children. The people of Hungary do not differ genetically from their surrounding countries, but the culture has definitely immigrated from the ancient northern culture, giving them a language similar to Finnish and many other arctic hunter languages. And this is where it becomes interesting: DNA and culture do not always move together.