To: Pogeu Mahone who wrote (125133 ) 11/14/2010 8:10:08 PM From: Knighty Tin Respond to of 132070 The English have been worried about royalty at sea for 100s of centuries. Harald. Earl of Sussex, had traveled to Europe and shipwrecked in Normandy. There, under duress, he signed an agreement to support his cousin, William the Bastard, as King of England when Edgar The Confessor died. Harald never meant to keep the deal and claimed the crown for himself as soon as The Confessor had his last heartbeat. William got help from the French King and the Normans invaded and won the island. Would they have done it without the shipwreck? Probably. But a few Saxon lords who did not like Harald would not have had a paper to cling to to support the invader's right to conquest. The shipwreck contributed to the total subjagation of the English peoples by the French/Viking Normans. Henry I's only son and heir died on The White Ship. Henry, The Norman conqueror's last son and second to be king, died without naming an heir. A grand nephew of the king, Stephen of Blois, and a daughter, a former Holy Roman Empress, fought a war over the barely breathing body of England. Again, England was thrown into chaos and poverty. The Empress Mathilda outfought and even captured Stephen, but the English hated Mathilda and chased her out of London. She retired to France, where she was Duchess of Normandy until her son became of age. And, when he did, he fought Stephen to a stalemate for the English crown. Another rough period for the average Englishman. When Stephen's son died, the King named Henry heir. Henry the Second became King of England, Duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou, and by marriage to the French King's ex-wife, consort to the Duchess of Aquitane. Young Henry controlled more of France than the French King. And the rough times shifted to France for awhile. Again, not totally the fault of shipwrecks with royalty, but royals on ships always made the English nervous.