To: waitwatchwander who wrote (102251 ) 5/26/2011 10:36:03 AM From: Art Bechhoefer 6 Recommendations Respond to of 197280 defunct -- With R&D running about 20% of revenues year after year, you raise an important point. What is all that R&D producing? Where is the expected return on investment? One of the reasons I have owned QCOM shares since early 1992 is its hefty expenditures to develop and implement new ideas and methods for communicating wirelessly. Companies that spend heavily on R&D generally have faster long term growth rates than those that look for better profits by skimping on R&D. An example is 3M, which, from about 1930 to 1970, was one of the big spenders. 3M could claim year after year that something like one–third of its profits came from new products developed in the previous two years or so, year after year. In contrast, by 2000, 3M had switched its strategy to buying other companies which had products or concepts compatible with 3M products, relying on other companies' research instead of their own on the assumption that is was more cost effective. Unfortunately, the case with QCOM is turned upside down. They spend the money, they develop new products, they hire the best quality staff, but the end results fall below par. Why? I think it's because they don't do a very good job of implementing new product ideas. They don't translate the ideas into new products fast enough, nor do they have a licensing system that provides sufficient incentive to their licensees. I would now question what I thought earlier was a good strategy -- making licensing agreements such that the cost is the same when using one patent and one claim as it is when using dozens. They should have a royalty rate schedule with discounts tied to the number of units sold embodying QCOM IP, or similar incentives to encourage migration to high end devices using QCOM IP. I can cite extreme cases where, for example, a company developed an artificial sweetener made entirely of sugar molecules, constructed in such a way that they didn't get absorbed in the digestive system. They licensed the product to a firm which decided to just sit on it, possibly to preserve an existing artificial sweetener market. Instead of becoming THE sweetener of choice, one finds the product only in a few toothpaste brands, which provide virtually nothing in royalties to the company. QCOM is now in a position where, notwithstanding some 12,000 patents, they are not realizing the intrinsic value of those patents. Yet their licensees do provide a substantial royalty stream. What do they do with the cash? They let it accumulate to the point where cash has become a major part of book value (that's partly because a large proportion of the patents have a value of zero on the books). When you look at book value (assets minus liabilities), all that cash gives you a lower return on investment. That is one reason I have argued (and written to QCOM as well) that the company is overcapitalized. They should either increase dividends or buy back shares, or both, which would lead to a larger return on investment as well as happier shareholders. Art