To: RJA_ who wrote (86559 ) 1/28/2012 9:35:08 PM From: Maurice Winn 2 Recommendations Respond to of 219794 That part of the process should not be underestimated. There is nothing wrong with being a chimp, or tribal firelight dancer, if that's the preferred lifestyle. I admit to such proclivity myself - though with a few modern accoutrements: < And besides, dancing by firelight is fun... <g!> > The Amish very deliberately select a bygone era lifestyle. When explorers set out on adventure over the millennia, not all agreed that it was a good idea. Most people preferred the known way of life and stayed back in tribal HQ. Adventure is not for the faint-hearted. 99% of new experiments fail because the unknown unknowns are always lurking in the murk. But it just takes 1 to establish a beach head and the rest can follow or breed from that one successful transplantation to the future. Companies nearly all last one life time, because they are nearly always formed by one challenging male set out on life's adventure and he pours his heart and life into success. When he dies or passes it on, the next generation might even expand on it. By the third generation it's always a mature business carrying on largely by momentum and economies of scale. As you say, almost none become going concerns for over 100 years and into the 200 year realm because the impetus has been lost and the creator long forgotten. Apple was very much a Steve Jobs creation. Of course in cahoots with like-minded others. But such impetus cannot be sustained for many decades. Qualcomm was very much a Dr Irwin Jacobs creation [of course with like-minded others]. To get the next punctuated equilibrium leap to the next big thing is very difficult and unusual. Microsoft could have, but didn't invent search. Google could have, but didn't invent Facebook. Yes, gold goes on with a basic retained value because people like jewelry and money. Gold is a form of money. Not many gold bugs in 1980 would have believed that gold would be $280 in Y2K. They all knew fiat money was being diluted and destroyed. But they were wrong. Mqurice