To: pincus who wrote (12248 ) 7/19/2013 2:51:22 PM From: Bradpalm1 Respond to Very interesting discussion....[14] . However, few intralesional agents have induced a systemic response evidenced by the regression of bystander, untreated lesions. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most extensively studied of these agents. BCG has been used since the 1970s for local control of melanoma and is able to induce regression of untreated lesions in 15–20% of patients [15] – [19] .[10] . Intralesional BCG has been associated with patient fatalities due to anaphylactic hypersensitivity reactions that have not been reported with PV-10 [20] – [24] . In mice, it has been shown that repeated injections of high dose BCG by the s.c route led to mortality [25] , indicating that PV-10 may be safer than BCG for intralesional therapy. In this study, we verified that IL PV-10 resulted in regression of untreated bystander lesions in breast cancer and melanoma mouse models. In both models, IL PV-10 was associated with enhanced tumor-specific interferon-? secretion. These results confirm that IL PV-10 can induce a systemic anti-tumor immune response that can mediate the regression of untreated lesions.[11] . It is possible that tumor ablation by PV-10 leads to the release of large amounts of tumor debris that is taken up by antigen-presenting cells such as DCs. The effect of PV-10 on DCs and immune cell infiltration into treated tumor lesions is currently being explored.[26] . We have shown that direct intratumoral injection with CpG can enhance anti-tumor effects mediated by DC vaccinations [5] . In our study, we demonstrated that systemic anti-tumor immunity in untreated tumor-bearing mice could be mediated by the adoptive transfer of T cells isolated from PV-10 treated mice. As our group has extensive experience with adoptive T cell therapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma [27] , [28] , our results support the hypothesis that PV-10 treatment may be combined with adoptive cell therapy to boost the immune response in patients subsequently undergoing adoptive cell therapy.plosone.org
