To: koan who wrote (49368 ) 7/26/2013 12:24:44 PM From: Brumar89 Respond to of 85487 Bill Clinton’s mentor was U.S. Senator J. William Fulbright, an Arkansas Democrat and a supporter of racial segregation. Fulbright signed the Southern Manifesto opposing the Supreme Court’s 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education decision, which declared the “separate but equal” doctrine for public schools unconstitutional. He joined with the Dixiecrats in filibustering the Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1964. And he voted against the 1965 Voting Rights Act.It was just two years after this 1965 vote that Bill Clinton interned for Fulbright. Was Clinton's mentor not a liberal? Fulbright opposed McCarthyism and the House Un-American Activities Committee and later became known for his opposition to American involvement in the Vietnam War . His efforts to establish an international exchange program eventually resulted in the creation of a fellowship program which bears his name, the Fulbright Program . .... Fulbright later studied at Oxford University , where he was a Rhodes Scholar at Pembroke College , graduating in 1928. He received his law degree from The George Washington University Law School in 1934, and was admitted to the bar in Washington, D.C. and became an attorney in the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice . .... The House adopted the Fulbright Resolution which supported international peace-keeping initiatives and encouraged the United States to participate in what became the United Nations in September 1943. This brought Fulbright to national attention. ..... He promoted the passage of legislation establishing the Fulbright Program in 1946, a program of educational grants (Fulbright Fellowships and Fulbright Scholarships), sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the United States Department of State , governments in other countries, and the private sector. ......... He was the only senator to vote against an appropriation for the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations in 1954, which was chaired by Senator Joseph McCarthy .[ citation needed ] In 1956, Fulbright campaigned across the country for the unsuccessful Stevenson - Kefauver ticket. ...... Fulbright signed The Southern Manifesto opposing the Supreme Court's historic 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision. He subsequently joined with his fellow Southern Democrats in filibustering the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , as well as voting against the 1965 Voting Rights Act . However, during the Nixon administration Fulbright voted for a civil rights bill and led the charge against confirming Nixon's conservative Supreme Court nominees Clement Haynsworth and Harold Carswell . [5] According to historian and former Special Assistant to President Kennedy Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. , Fulbright was Kennedy's first choice as Secretary of State , but it was felt he was too controversial. Rather the " lowest common denominator ", Dean Rusk , was chosen. [6] [ Yep, Fulbright was a liberal, internationalist segregationist. ] ......... Fulbright raised serious objections to President John F. Kennedy about the impending Bay of Pigs Invasion in April 1961, and also to President Lyndon B. Johnson on the 1965 Dominican Civil War in Santo Domingo. [10] On 30 July 1961, two weeks before the erection of the Berlin Wall , Fulbright said in a television interview, "I don't understand why the East Germans don't just close their border, because I think they have the right to close it." [11] It has been suggested that President Kennedy asked Fulbright to make this statement as a way of signaling to Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev that the building of a wall would be viewed by the United States as an acceptable way of defusing the Berlin Crisis .[ citation needed \................ Perhaps his most notable case of dissent was his public condemnation of foreign and domestic policies, in particular, his concern that right-wing radicalism, as espoused by the John Birch Society and wealthy oil-man H. L. Hunt , had infected the United States military .[ ......... As chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee , Fulbright held several series of hearings on the Vietnam War. Many of the earlier hearings, in 1966, were televised to the nation in their entirety (a rarity in the pre– C-SPAN era); the 1971 hearings included the notable testimony of Vietnam veteran and future Senator and Secretary of State John Kerry .In 1966, Fulbright published The Arrogance of Power , in which he attacked the justification of the Vietnam War, Congress's failure to set limits on it, and the impulses which gave rise to it. Fulbright's scathing critique undermined the elite consensus that U.S. military intervention in Indochina was necessitated by Cold War geopolitics . [ Yet only 2 years before Fulbright SPONSORED the Tonkin Gulf resolution . Typical liberal ... supporting getting involved, then opposing the war they'd helped start. ] In his book, Fulbright offered an analysis of American foreign policy:Throughout our history two strands have coexisted uneasily; a dominant strand of democratic humanism and a lesser but durable strand of intolerant Puritanism . ........... On May 5, 1993, President Bill Clinton presented the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Fulbright at the Fulbright Association's eighty-eighth birthday tribute. [14] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._William_Fulbright