Silicon Investor (SI) -- The First Internet Community

STOCKTALK

We've detected that you're using an ad content blocking browser plug-in or feature. Ads provide a critical source of revenue to the continued operation of Silicon Investor. We ask that you disable ad blocking while on Silicon Investor in the best interests of our community. If you are not using an ad blocker but are still receiving this message, make sure your browser's tracking protection is set to the 'standard' level.

Politics : Formerly About Advanced Micro Devices -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Tenchusatsu who wrote (774119)	3/10/2014 6:29:33 PM
From: one_less	Read Replies (2) \| Respond to of 1573240

The literature on the history of California Indians from the early eighteen hundreds to nineteen hundred is well documented and there isn't much to dispute. It was a pretty one sided campaign. >>"Really? The Indian villages were just "minding their own business" and had no intention of waging total war against the white man intruding upon their lands?" The terms "War of extermination" are repeated over and over again in the literature of the time period. From news papers to the mouths of public officials. With what I know, using 20/20 hindsight, and if I were an Indian, I imagine I would have willingly gone to my death avenging wrongs against my people. But that is not what is described in the history books for Indians of that period. What is described is wanton brutality, rape, abuse and starvation in a once abundant land. For the most part Indians were taking it because they were out gunned, out numbered, out of options, frustrated and confused. There is some history of military conflict with the Indians after some local uprising but a remarkable number of the campaigns are described as either uneventful (resulting in treaties) or bloody massacres of entire villages. Seriously take a look for yourself. en.wikipedia.org What I have shown you is just a smattering of the accounts. Check it out for yourself. It isn't a left winger perspective, it is overwhelming documentation of what actually happened that should be removing any doubt that the treatment of American Indians was a genocidal action. ================================================================= Ten, what I am somewhat skeptical about is the exaggeration the first explorers/settlers used to describe the innocence and kind nature of Indians. They were looking for sponsorship for further escapades and needed a good story. The Europeans were technically advanced and I am convince that was the single significan factor that came between the cultures. On the one hand the Europeans were probably treated to the fatted calf, so to speak, but partly because the Indians saw some trade goods coming from the Europeans they figured were invaluable based on their own experiences. They were probably friendly and welcomed the Europeans, after all a boat load of Europeans didn't amount to that many, what would be the harm? In any event the first couple of hundred years was relatively friendly. People are people, so I doubt that as a group the Indians were any better or worse than Europeans ... at least until the appetite for more realestate became a necessity for early Americans. Then everything was taken from any Indians who were not willing to assimilate into European life style, and after that even those who were willing were force out of their homes, their businesses confiscated and their property seized, as in the Trail of Tears episode. There would be many Indian extermination or removal campaigns to follow. The description given by early explorers was of a land of plenty when it came to wild life and of Indians who engaged in productive farming. By the time we get to the California gold rush, Indians are being deliberately starved to death as a strategy to exterminate them. The removal of the buffalo was no willy nilly incidental side effect of westward expansion. General Sherman who perfected the idea of destroying supply lines was the architect of the buffalo decimation. Indians throughout the west who did not go to reservations were without resources needed for mere sustainance, resources that had once been abundant, of course they were desparate. Was it genocidal?? There is absolutely no doubt that is was. Even you seem to be coming around, though you still wont use the politically incorrect but accurate term ... .>>>...having to resort to this sort of "ethnic cleansing."

To: Tenchusatsu who wrote (774119)	3/10/2014 6:35:05 PM
From: one_less	Respond to of 1573240

Keep in mind it wasn't one indian group. There were approximately 60 nations with 500 tribulates in California before the 1800's California Indian Wars, Battles, skirmishes and events Act for the Government and Protection of Indians, April 22, 1850. [1] Passed by the legislature of California, it allowed settlers to continue to the Californio practice of capturing and using Native people as forced workers. It also provided the basis for the enslavement and trafficking in Native American Native labor, particularly that of young women and children, which was carried on as a legal business enterprise. Raids on villages were made to supply the demand, the young women and children were carried off to be sold, the men and remaining people often being killed. This practice did much to destroy Native tribes during the California Gold Rush. [2] Gila Expedition April to September 13, 1850. A costly failure by California Militia to punish the Yuma for the Glanton Massacre, that nearly bankrupted the state. First Pitt River Expedition, April 28, to September 13, 1850. U. S. Army Expedition to establish relations with the Achomawi ( Pit River), Atsugewi (Hat Creek) and Modoc. Bloody Island Massacre, May 15, 1850, 200 Pomo people killed by a U. S. Army detachment under Nathaniel Lyon, on an island in Clear Lake near Upper Lake, California. This was in retaliation for the killing of two Clear Lake settlers who had been enslaving and murdering the Pomo. El Dorado Indian War 1850–1851, California State Militia against the Native Americans in El Dorado County. Mariposa War 1850–1851, California State Militia against the Yosemites and Chowchillas. Land Claims Act of 1851 Garra Revolt 1851, by Cahuilla and Cupeño near Warner's Ranch, led by Antonio Garra tried to unite all of the tribes of Southern California to drive out the Americans. It was put down in a campaign by Major Samuel P. Heintzelman, leading a detachment of U. S. Army soldiers and State Militia and by the capture of Garra by the Cahuilla leader Juan Antonio. Three commissioners negotiated eighteen treaties with California native peoples at various ranches and army posts, mainly in southern and central California. (March 1851 - January 1852) Yuma War 1851–1852, triggered by the Glanton Gang's abuse of the Yuma on the lower Colorado River. After the failure of California's 1850 Gila Expedition to quell the rising, Major Samuel P. Heintzelman, led Federal troops against the Yuma in the Yuma Expedition, establishing Fort Yuma and making a peace with the Yuma in October 1852. Bridge Gulch Massacre April 23, 1852, more than 150 Wintu people were killed by about 70 American men led by William H. Dixon, the Trinity County sheriff. The massacre of this band was in response to the killing of Colonel John Anderson by another band of Wintu. Indian Appropriation Act of March 3, 1852. The Act authorized five Federal military reservations to be made from up to 25,000 acres of Public Domain lands. Sebastian Indian Reservation was established by the first superintendent Edward F. Beale. Col. Thomas J. Henley, the second superintendent, in 1854, established the Nome Lakee Indian Reservation; Nome Cult Farm; Fresno Indian Farm; and Kings River Indian Farm. In the following years the U.S. military, or California Militia volunteer companies of citizens, began rounding up the Indians, driving them to the reservations and keeping them there by force. A Superintendent of Indian Affairs was appointed for California to oversee them. U.S. Senate rejected the 18 treaties negotiated with California native peoples on July 7, 1852 in a secret vote. For the next 50 years the documents remained classified. Yontoket Massacre, 1853 massacre of Tolowa people at the village of Yontocket by company of citizens from Crescent City in Klamath County (now Del Norte County, California). Achulet Massacre, an 1854 massacre of more than 65 Tolowa people by settlers of Klamath County, California. Kaibai Creek Massacre, August 17, 1854. 42 Winnemem Wintu men, women and children are killed by a party of white settlers at a village at Kabyai Creek, on the McCloud River. Klamath and Salmon River Indian War, Klamath War or Red Cap War of 1855, against Yuroks and Karuks. [3] Klamath River Massacres (January 22, 1855). Whites in Klamath County, California, commenced a "war of extermination against the Indians", in retaliation for the murder of six settlers and the theft of some cattle. [4] Klamath River Reservation established November 16, 1855, "a strip of territory commencing at the Pacific Ocean and extending one mile in width on each side of the Klamath River, for a distance of 20 miles." Mendocino Indian Reservation established in 1856. It was closed in 1866, its inhabitants moved to Round Valley Reservation. Tule River War of 1856. State Militia fought against the Yokut in the southern San Joaquin Valley. [5] [6] Tule River Farm established in 1858. Second Pitt River Expedition 1857 Northeast California Indian Wars (1858–71): Local settler parties or Militia companies fought against the Yana and Achomawi people. Spring, 1859 Local settlers raise an expedition for two months against the Yahi. California's Pitt River Expedition 1859 Yana attacked, rounded up and removed from their homeland by a state militia expedition. August 5, Skirmish in the Upper Pit River Valley with the Achomawi. August 15–22, 1861. Expedition from Fort Crook to the Pit River [7] August 19. Skirmish near Kellogg's Lake, Cal. 1865 Mill Creek Fight, 40 Yahi killed by settler posse following the Workman Massacre. 1865 Silva Massacre, 30 Yahi killed by settler posse. 1866 Three Knolls Massacre, 40 Yahi killed by settler posse., including Ishi’s father 1867 Camp Seco Massacre, 45 Yahi killed by settler posse. 1871 Kingsley Cave Massacre, 30 Yahi killed by settler posse. Bald Hills War (1858–1864) Involving first California Milita, then settler Volunteers, then U. S. Army forces, and finally California Volunteers against the Chilula, Lassik, Hupa, Mattole, Nongatl, Sinkyone, Tsnungwe, Wailaki, Whilkut and Wiyot Native American peoples. [8] Wintoon War 1858-1859 Federal Peacekeeping fails, State inaction, Settler militia campaigns 1859-1861 1860 Wiyot Massacre 1st California Volunteer Campaign 1862 Smith River Reservation (1862-1868), acted as a replacement for the flooded Klamath River Reservation and as a POW camp for the natives captured in the Bald Hills War. Two Years War 1863-1864 Mendocino War 1859-1860 against the Yuki. [9] Bitter Spring Expedition 1860 Major James Henry Carleton, with reinforced First Regiment of Dragoons, Company K, attacked suspected Paiute raiders along the Mojave Road. August 3–12, 1861. Scout from Fort Crook to Round Valley, in Mendocino County [10] Owens Valley Indian War (1862–1865) [11] War against the Owens Valley Paiutes or Numa and their allies. Lt. Colonel Evans Campaigns Keyesville Massacre (April 19, 1863) Captain McLaughlin's Campaign (April 24 - July 31, 1863) Owens Lake Massacre (January 6, 1865) Mohave Desert Indian Campaign 1866 - 1870 Chemehuevi raids on miners and ranchers in the San Bernardino Mountains and Mohave Desert during 1866 provoked retaliation by a San Bernardino County posse. Skirmish of Rabbit Springs 1867 Defeat of Chemehuevi at Rabbit Springs by a county posse. Federal Cavalry patrol Mohave Desert from Camp Cady and posts along the Mohave Road 1868-1870 Skirmish at Rainy Springs Canyon March 12, 1867 U.S.Cavarly from Fort Independence pursue and defeat Panamint Shoshone raiders after their raid on the Spanish mines. Modoc War, or Modoc Campaign (1872–1873): 53 Modoc warriors under Captain Jack held off 675 men of the U.S. Army for 13 months. Major General Edward Canby was killed during a peace conference. Calloway Affair of 1880 War between the U. S. Army and the Chemehuevi was averted following the murder of Oliver P. Calloway near what is now Blythe, California. en.wikipedia.org

To: Tenchusatsu who wrote (774119)	3/10/2014 6:55:53 PM
From: one_less	Respond to of 1573240

The following year, the Tolowas were attacked again with hundreds of Indians murdered, all for the "crime" of taking a horse! >>>>Once again, an extraordinary claim that obviously excludes context and paints one side of the conflict as evil and the other side as purely innocent. There is always more to any story, and depending on perspective the ability to obtain new information from reliable resources, I am certain the description of California Indians in the 1850s would be one of a desperate and scary group.... but hey consider the circumstances. Did you know Jews were conquered by Romans, sold into slavery, then dispersed to many different parts of the world around 70 AD, shortly after Judaea became a protectorate of Rome? I think the term is diaspora. I bet you did know that. Did you also know, the war between the Jews and the Romans was caused by a Roman Guard farting in front of some Jews going into Soloman's temple?