To: Solon who wrote (62988 ) 11/20/2014 12:10:35 AM From: 2MAR$ Respond to of 69300 (and always repeating itself again) ...ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY – On 19th November, 636 AD, the Rashidun Caliphate defeated the Sasanian Empire at the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah in Iraq. The Sasanian Empire was the last Iranian empire before the rise of Islam. For ten years prior to the battle, the Sassanian State had been dramatically weakened following the victorious campaign of the Roman Emperor Heraclius. This had led to a series of weak monarchs and a prolonged period of political turmoil. Most of the eligible heirs to the throne had been put to death, leaving the State ruled by Yezdagird III – the young, inexperienced and sole surviving heir of the House of Sassan, which faced the youthful vigour of the Arabs; a motivated people who had recently been united under the faith of Islam against the non-believers of all other religious persuasions. The Rashidun Caliphate had been founded four years earlier following the death of the Prophet Mohammed, and eventually grew to be the largest empire the world had seen. The Caliphate launched a series of wars against both the Sassanian State and the Byzantine Empire. Emperor Heraclius married his daughter to Yazdegerd III, in accordance with Roman tradition to seal an alliance, and together, the Byzantines and Sassanians planned a coordinated attack to annihilate the power of their common enemy. But the plan fell through. Heraclius's imperial army was annihilated at Battle of Yarmouk in August 636 AD, and the Sassanian Empire was defeated three months later in the Battle of Qadisiyyah. The battle shook the Sassanian rule in Iraq to its foundations but it was not yet their end. It was nearly another two decades before the Muslims completed their conquest of Persia. Picture: Depiction of the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah from a manuscript of the Persian epic Shah-nameh.