To: Tenchusatsu who wrote (832791 ) 1/26/2015 10:06:10 PM From: Wharf Rat Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 1580034 "BUT HOW CAN THIS BE? THE CLIMATE WASN'T CHANGING BACK THEN ." Weather happens quite frequently, I'm told. Almost everywhere, every day. On April 16, 1846, nine covered wagons left Springfield , Illinois on the 2500 mile journey to California , in what would become one of the greatest tragedies in the history of westward migration. The originator of this group was a man named James Frasier Reed, an Illinois business man, eager to build a greater fortune in the rich land of California . Reed also hoped that his wife, Margaret, who suffered from terrible headaches, might improve in the coastal climate. Reed had recently read the book The Emigrants’ Guide to Oregon and California , by Landsford W. Hastings, who advertised a new shortcut across the Great Basin. This new route enticed travelers by advertising that it would save the pioneers 350-400 miles on easy terrain. However, what was not known by Reed was that the Hastings Route had never been tested, written by Hastings who had visions of building an empire at Sutter’s Fort (now Sacramento .) It was this falsified information that would lead to the doom of the Donner Party.legendsofamerica.com Napoleon Bonaparte is generally regarded as one of history’s top military tacticians. But 200 years ago this Sunday, he committed a grave error by leading his Grande Armée—likely the largest European armed force ever assembled to that point—across the Niemen River into Russia. Although it never lost a pitched battle there, the Grande Armée was almost completely wiped out within six months by freezing temperatures, food shortages, disease and Russian assaults. This proved to be the beginning of the end for Napoleon, who was forced into exile in April 1814.history.com I suspect weather will continue to happen for quite a while. I haven't seen any scientific arguments to the contrary.