To: SGJ who wrote (24496 ) 6/7/2015 1:20:15 PM From: Maurice Winn Respond to It's not just the damping that favours the low frequency forcings [see below], it's also that the periodicity of volcanoes and other outgassings are long [decades and centuries]. For example, Old Faithful doesn't respond to orbital mechanics because the pressures build up and are released so frequently that tidal forces are irrelevant. But in a 1000 year or 100 year eruption cycle, the timing of peaking of gravitational tides becomes the straw that breaks the volcanic camel's back. branchcollective.org which was little ice age material. The objection that the physical forces generated by the planets on the Sun and on the Earth are small and, therefore, it is unreasonable to believe that the planets may play any role in modulating solar and terrestrial climatic oscillations, cannot be a conclusive argument. The above empirical findings do suggest that such claims should be questioned: evidently, physical mechanisms may exist also even when they are not understood yet. For example, Hung [2007] noticed that the tidal forces acting on the Sun could be large once all their temporal and spatial properties are taken into account. The objection that the Sun is in free fall and that an observable such as the SCMSS herein adopted cannot have any phys- -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 (- ms) year -LOD + 0.0174*(year - 1900) + 0.526 Rescaled 60-year SCMSS modulation (+5 year shift-lag) Figure 14: Length of the day (LOD) (black) against the 60-year modulation of the SCMSS (gray), which is related to the combined orbit of Jupiter and Saturn. The LOD is inverted and detrended of its linear trend, while the SCMSS is shifted by +5 years and opportunely rescaled for visual comparison. The correlation between the two records is evident. ical outcome is not valid. Here, we have used the SCMSS as a proxy to calculate the frequencies of the solar system vibrations, which is perfectly appropriate. Any physical effect would be induced by tidal and magnetic forces. These forces vary with the same frequencies of the SCMSS, or of any other function of the orbits of the planets. For example, the tidal frequencies can be calculated with the SCMSS record. The objection that the magnitude of the tidal forces from the jovian planets on the Sun are compatible or even smaller than those from the terrestrial planets, and only the latter should play a dominant role, does not take it into account that it is not only the magnitude of a tidal force that matters. The frequency of a tidal force matters too. The tidal forces must induce a physical change on the Sun to have any physical effect and the resistance of a system such as the Sun to its own physical deformation usually works as a low pass filter and favors the low frequency forcings over the high frequency ones. This inertia likely dampens the effects of the fast varying tidal forces induced by the terrestrial planets and stresses the much slower oscillations associated to the tidal forces induced by the jovian planets. Consequently, the effect of the tidal forces induced by the jovian planets should be the dominant one. A similar reasoning applies to the forces acting on the Earth. A detailed discussion on this topic is left to another study. Complex systems such as the Sun and the Earth likely contain mechanisms that can amplify the effect of small external perturbations. In addition to radiative forcings and feedback mechanisms [Scafetta, 2009], periodic forcings can easily stimulate resonance and give rise to collective synchronization of coupled oscillators. Resonance, collective synchronization and feedback mechanisms amplify the effects of a weak external periodic forcing. This would be true both for the Sun’s dynamics as well as for the Earth-Moon system and, ultimately, for the climate. For example, collective synchronization of coupled oscillators, which is a very common phenomenon among complex >
