To: John J H Kim who wrote (41 ) 1/20/1998 9:15:00 PM From: Duke Respond to of 947
Jakarta to unveil major new banking reforms Sharp hikes in capital requirements, new deposit insurance scheme, bank mergers Reports by S N Vasuki in Jakarta THE Indonesian government will unveil sweeping new reforms in the banking sector that will sharply increase minimum capital requirements of local banks, establish a new deposit insurance scheme and pave the way for increased mergers, sources told BT yesterday. ÿ The reforms, to be unveiled later this week, are part of a radical restructuring of the financial sector proposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. Though the new measures will not lead to further bank liquidations, the sources said that the government's over-riding objective was to reduce the number of players in Indonesia's banking industry. The proposed reforms cover four broad areas: The new minimum paid-up capital requirements for local banks will be increased from 150 billion rupiah (S$31.3 million) to 2 trillion rupiah, more than a ten-fold increase. Banks will also be expected to further increase their minimum capital to 5 trillion rupiah within three years of the rules coming into force. Bank Indonesia (BI), the central bank, is in the process of establishing a National Deposit Insurance Scheme which will protect the interests of small depositors. Small depositors will be classified as those having less than 20 million rupiah in bank deposits. The central bank is also working on new guidelines which will encourage mergers in the domestic banking industry. However, the government is believed to be reluctant to ease regulations that will allow foreign banks to acquire more than a 49 per cent stake in listed banks. Sources told BT that by end-February, the central bank will have approved at least six major mergers involving large and small local banks. BI is also discussing the establishment of a new regulatory framework governing the banking industry. There are widespread perceptions that BI was lax in supervising the banking industry and the new measures will streamline the reporting system of commercial banks. New rules on the accounting treatment of non-performing loans are being worked out. "The multilateral institutions were horrified when they examined BI's books in November," said a source. "The central bank did not have a proper system to figure out if banks were in breach of regulations. Moreover, there were suspicions that a few bank staff may have wilfully concealed crucial data on the health of a few small banks." The new reforms in the banking sector, particularly the higher capital requirements, comes at a crucial moment for Indonesia, now witnessing an unprecedented economic crisis. Rating agency Standard & Poor's yesterday raised alarm bells by warning that Indonesian banks needed an "urgent" US$15 billion (S$26 billion) recapitalisation because the rupiah's precipitous fall was leading to rising borrower defaults. "Banks that have suffered serious capital depletion, to the extent that they are technically insolvent, may, under normal circumstances, be able to continue operating provided they have sufficient liquidity. However, the tight liquidity situation prevailing in Indonesia precludes this option for many banks," S&P warned. "Given the scarcity of private sector capital in Indonesia, recapitalisation must be sourced either from the Indonesian government or foreign investors." In a related move, S&P yesterday placed its long-term rating on listed Bank Internasional Indonesia on a credit watch with negative implications. On Monday, BII had proposed a merger with listed Bank Dagang Nasional Indonesia and three smaller banks. S&P added that the negative credit watch placement primarily reflects the risks associated with the integration phase of the acquisition.