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Strategies & Market Trends : 2026 TeoTwawKi ... 2032 Darkest Interregnum -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Elroy Jetson who wrote (148874)	5/31/2019 3:25:30 AM
From: TobagoJack	Respond to of 220323

you may be correct, that huawei might not be a factor in 5G, and all the fuss over huawei is over nothing, and none of its patents are any good or you might be wrong lightreading.com Huawei Has Billions Riding on Claim to Be 5G Patents PowerhouseAn arcane standards decision last year about the coding schemes used in 5G networks received little attention outside engineering circles. But it was a clear sign that Huawei, the Chinese equipment giant now threatened by hostile US forces, was determined to own the ingredients that make up the next-generation network technology, and assert its presence in a cozy patents club that has until now been dominated by Western firms. The 3GPP, the standards group that presides over cellular technology, had already approved a coding scheme called LDPC (low density parity check), backed by US and Western firms. The Chinese, however, had favored an alternative called Polar Codes. In what seemed like a compromise to satisfy all international parties, the 3GPP ultimately took a "Solomon-like decision," in the words of one source close to the matter, to use LDPC in one part of 5G (the so-called data channel) and Polar Codes in another (the control channel). It was a massive win for Huawei, which had built up a significant patents position in Polar Codes. Yet Huawei's scientists were not the original brains behind the technology. That honor went to a Turkish professor called Erdal Arikan, who previously sold Polar Codes to the Chinese vendor. Huawei makes no attempt to hide this fact. In a press release published on its website last July, it hails Arikan as the "father of Polar Codes" and pictures him receiving an award from its founder, Ren Zhengfei (see below). Nor is there any suggestion Huawei has ripped off an inventor. Arikan would hardly be photographed next to a smiling Ren if he had not been well compensated for his intellectual property (IP) -- although the image and accompanying press release could be valuable to Huawei if Arikan ever decides he is owed more than he received. Polar Bulls Ren Zhengfei, Huawei's founder (left), stands next to Professor Erdal Arikan, the man behind Polar Codes. What the transaction shows is just how important ownership of cellular patents has become to Huawei in the 5G era. Arikan is understood to have courted other patent firms when he was trying to sell Polar Codes. But it was Huawei that eventually came through. And since buying the technology, Huawei has been effusive about its 5G value. "Polar codes are the world's first channel coding scheme to bring us up against the threshold of Shannon's limit [which dictates maximum data rates]," says the company. The statement fits into a much broader business and public-relations campaign. Huawei's patents mission is not just about owning a bigger chunk of the technology; it is about holding the most vital ingredients -- or at least convincing the world that its patents are superior to anyone else's. Success could translate into billions of extra dollars in revenues. Licensors and licensees Years ago, before the iPhone revolution and the rise of Huawei, the patents club responsible for cellular technology comprised a much broader variety of players than it does today. Companies such as BlackBerry, Motorola, Sharp and Sony all had significant development teams that would make contributions to cellular standards. Most of these companies also had one thing in common: a large devices business. This meant that when money changed hands in licensing fees those companies were receiving and paying out at the same time. They were not just the licensors that owned some of the technology but also the licensees that paid to use other parts of it. Often, the difference between what a company spent as a licensee and collected as a licensor was relatively small. Consumer gadgetry has always been the source of revenues for the owners of cellular patents. In theory, a licensor could seek payments for the IP used in network equipment, too. But this rarely happens. Because royalties represent a percentage of sales, the returns on the network side would also be relatively small. Today's handset industry generates about $400 billion annually in revenues, while the mobile infrastructure market is worth between $25 billion and $30 billion, according to one estimate. China's equipment vendors were barely visible in the international patents club when 3G was gaining ground. Instead, Chinese authorities were determined to build and popularize a homegrown 3G technology called TD-SCDMA. By quickly seeding this in markets where China had influence, they hoped to make TD-SCDMA a major global standard. The strategy carried over to the 4G era with a Chinese technology called TD-LTE, which uses a communications system called time division duplex (TDD), rather than the frequency division duplex (FDD) favored elsewhere. Chinese expertise in TDD technology stems from this push. But attempts to make Chinese technologies the de facto global standards ultimately failed. And that forced China to come up with a new strategy for advancing its technological ambitions -- one based not on technology development in isolation but on trying to become the international standard's most influential player. Next page: China joins the club

To: Elroy Jetson who wrote (148874)	5/31/2019 6:57:58 AM
From: TobagoJack	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 220323

ultra bullish could make team china products more competitive against teams Mexico and USA products do not need to worry about team Canada products except stuff that grow in dirt finance.yahoo.com Trump's Mexico tariffs will cripple U.S. automakers A man looks at an electronic board showing the Nikkei stock index outside a brokerage in Tokyo President Donald Trump’s threat to impose tariffs on Mexican imports, effective June 10, will cripple U.S. automakers and cost people their jobs. The proposed tariffs will disrupt the supply chain for every automaker, domestic and foreign, in the United States, according to Rebecca Lindland, who spent 10 years at IHS Automotive as director of research and was the senior director and executive analyst at Kelly Blue Book. She now operates her own auto website, Rebeccadrives.com. “Nobody wins in the automotive industry,” said Lindland. “I mean union workers, suppliers, its blue collar, its white collar, it is across the board and nobody wins in this scenario.” ‘U.S. trade with Mexico is all about cars’Sixty-seven percent of U.S. imports from Mexico are intra-company, trade according to Deutsche Bank research. Torsten Slok, the chief economist and managing director at Deutsche Bank Securities, explains that means two-thirds of companies producing goods in Mexico are producing products for their own supply chain and other manufacturers. “U.S. trade with Mexico is all about cars. This would cripple the auto industry,” he said. “It would bring car production to a halt pretty quickly.” Slok cites trade data that shows 35% of U.S. auto exports, from a value added standpoint, consist of parts manufactured in Mexico. That percentage reflects the value of parts produced in Mexico and Canada and included in cars assembled in the U.S. The number has grown every year since the mid-1990s when the North American Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA, was ratified. “The whole industry really changed when NAFTA came into play,” says Lindland. “We are one region and the biggest challenge is that we are not flexible. Vehicles have 30,000 parts and if you are missing a couple of screws you can’t build that vehicle.” Trump threatens to keep raising tariffsTrump is using the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to impose a 5% tariff on Mexican imports unless the Mexican government stops migrants trying to reach the U.S. “Mexico must step up and help solve this problem” Trump said in a statement released Thursday night by the White House. The president went on to say the tariffs will be raised to 10% in July and could eventually hit 25% by October 1. “If Mexico fails to act, tariffs will remain at the high level, and companies located in Mexico may start moving back to the United States to make their products and goods,” he said. But Slok pointed out that manufacturing doesn’t work that way. “If you cripple the U.S. auto industry it will have implications for the auto industry in the rest of the world,” he said. Lindland agrees. “We can’t just turn on a dime. We are about making good solid affordable vehicles for consumers and if you disrupt the supply chain you are disrupting jobs, dealers, consumers.” According to Lindland, automakers have created an efficient manufacturing process to keep prices down for consumers. Setting up shop in the U.S. won’t be easy she says, “if you get your bumpers from Mexico and you want to put on a different bumper from the U.S., you have to get approval for that bumper from the U.S. government.” It’s a complex and extensive process, said Lindland, “We are not interchangeable. We can’t just swap things out.”