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To: Johnathan C. Doe who wrote (24051)6/3/1998 9:48:00 AM
From: Bill  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 36349
 
Yes, VoIP can run over an underlying layer 2 technology based on frame relay or ATM. It can also run over Sonet at the physical layer. These lower layer technologies are transparent to the end user in the VoIP environment.

However, Sprint's announcement specifically mocked the IP-based service providers, claiming flaws in QoS and reliability. Further, they stated that their service will deliver ATM to the end user for direct support of multimedia applications. This solves the QoS problem, as it is inherent in standard ATM VCs. Furthermore, Sprint is one of the few carriers that bill businesses by the ATM cell today. They plan to extend this billing plan to consumers with ION.

This is a return to the layer 2 application transport paradigm.