To: Robert Graham who wrote (13528 ) 7/31/1998 9:52:00 PM From: Robert Graham Respond to of 42787
As a follow up my original post on intraday support and resistance, I first want to stress that it is important to relate what you see back to the interday charts. For most traders unless they are trading for one or two point profits, the daily charts are adequate in defining S&R. Also, on the intraday charts, I failed to mention that I use the 15-min time interval and at times to clarify a picture I may move to a 5-min time frame. This is adequate for the position trader that I am. I want to note here some additional examples of price formations that can provide support or resistance which may not be obvious to those less experienced. First, gaps that demonstrate strength in the price action of the stock can provide support to price movement and later resistance to prices that drop below, particularly the gaps made on strong volume. Its counterpart, elongated price bars, will often provide support at its top or at its middle. Peaks made in price that went up and as soon as it hit a resistance dropped quickly down will provide resistance at that price level once the stock makes it back up there again. The stronger the selloff, the more resistance the peak will provide. An area I have not looked into much but I have seen evidence of is characteristic price swings made by stock. I first came across this in a book about the PPS system that is based around price patterns. On an intraday basis there are important price points that are a focus of the market which can provide resistance, or if the price moves beyond them, will usually mean that the stock will continue its movement in the same direction. This is in a way like Bollinger Bands in how I find the stock to behave near them with the exception of yesterday's close. For those of you with "grass hopper" type of stocks, you may find your experience with BBs different than mine. The prices to watch include the following: yesterday's closing price which is considered the "value area" that the initial trading activity of the current day is compared to and tends to move toward unless new buying or selling interest has entered the picture, the open of the stock, the trading range established usually within the first hour's activity of the stock, yesterday's high and low, and the current day's high and low. There are situations that can magnify the importance of such a price point. For instance, if the open of the stock immediately led to a sell off, the open will tend to provide resistance to the stock if it were to move back up. There is much more work for me to do in this area, so I definitely have some more study to do here. While I am on this topic of important price points, there are even what I consider "attractors" which are price levels that once the stock price gets near will move toward it as through it is being drawn like a magnet to the price point. This is different that S&R which provide resistance to price movement. A 52-week high of a stock can behave in this way. I have seen this with WMT and other stocks where the stock is obviously losing its momentum rapidly and looks to be ready to turn down with the selling that has come in. However, it manages to get close enough to its 52-week high where a burst of new life comes to the stock to make it hit that high. It is an interesting sight. It is like a sudden hyperbolic launch of the price against "gravity". This usually happens when the price closes close enough to the 52-week high and the next day the price finds new energy in its attempt to make this target. I have found this to be usually never enough to overcome the deteriorating technicals of the stock, but many times the price comes VERY close or makes it to its 52-week high before reversing. So the 52-week high postponed the inevitable reversal of the stock in this way. Bob Graham