To: RockyBalboa who wrote (6682 ) 8/15/1998 12:33:00 AM From: Steve Fancy Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 22640
Brazil under fire for relaxing environmental law Reuters, Friday, August 14, 1998 at 18:46 (Adds Greenpeace comments paras 10, 11) By William Schomberg BRASILIA, Aug 14 (Reuters) - The Brazilian government has outraged environmentalists this week by relaxing a law introduced with fanfare six months ago to tackle pollution, illegal logging in the Amazon and an array of other environmental offenses. "This is a coup d'etat against Brazil's environment and a frontal attack on democracy," said Stephan Schwartzman, senior scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund in Washington. In February, President Fernando Henrique Cardoso signed a bill that introduced new fines of up to $50 million for environmental crimes. The bill was first sent to Congress seven years ago amid international concern over deforestation in the Amazon but was held up due to widespread opposition from business lobbies. "Given the immense responsibility that we have to humanity ... we are obliged to put into practice everything this law sets down," Cardoso told a gathering of diplomats and environmentalists after signing the bill into law. But a presidential decree published this week lets companies and individuals breaking the law avoid paying the fines on condition they sign agreements by the end of the year to take steps to clean up their operations. The fines may be waived for between 90 days and five years, with that grace period renewable for up to five more years. "With a stroke of a pen, Cardoso reversed Brazil's greatest environmental advance in the 1990s ..., declaring a 10-year moratorium on environmental law enforcement," Schwartzman said in a statement. "What this really does is give yet more time to companies to keep on breaking the law," said Adriana Ramos who monitors government policy for the independent Socio-Environmental Institute (ISA) in Brasilia. The head of Greenpeace in Brazil said companies needed only three years at most to correct any pollution problem. "This is a move that big industry, basically in steel and petrochemicals, has been pushing for because they don't want to invest in cleaner output," said Roberto Kishinami. Government officials denied the decree represented a moratorium and sought instead to give polluting firms a transition period to upgrade factories without being penalized. "It is clearly better to establish a timetable and a program for companies to make the necessary changes than to be in an all-or-nothing situation," said Vicente Gomes da Silva, the Environment Ministry's legal adviser. He said the government feared firms faced with fines might shut down -- adding to already record levels of unemployment -- or embark on lengthy court cases to avoid payment. But even a government-allied lawmaker involved in efforts to get the bill approved in Congress this year said the decree would delay the effective introduction of the legislation. "I agree that a transition period is necessary, but what is written in the decree unfortunately means the law will only be applied in five years time at the earliest," Luciano Pizzato, a member of the pro-business Liberal Front Party said. Environmental campaigners say the new degree lets polluters off the hook. Ramos said calculations from private industry groups showed as much as 20 percent of industrial output in developed Sao Paulo state was produced in breach of environmental laws. "There have been laws on pollution since the 1970s, yet even now the polluters say they want more time," she said. "Basically, anybody who has broken the law can now promise to change their ways and escape fines for up to 10 years." On Wednesday, the left-wing Workers Party (PT), the main opposition to Cardoso's government, and the small Green Party filed suit in Brazil's supreme court, arguing the decree flew in the face of the country's constitution. "It's absurd," said PT lawmaker Gilney Vianna, a long-time campaigner against deforestation in the Amazon. "It might be 20 percent in Sao Paulo but the vast majority of companies in the Amazon break environmental law and the government has just given them its approval." Copyright 1998, Reuters News Service