To: Steve Fancy who wrote (9565 ) 11/10/1998 5:34:00 PM From: Steve Fancy Respond to of 22640
IMF deal to ease Brazil's rate woes Reuters, Tuesday, November 10, 1998 at 17:17 By Joelle Diderich BRASILIA, Nov 10 (Reuters) - As officials put the finishing touches to an international loan deal, Brazil stood ready Tuesday to slash sky-high interest rates that have strangled local business and threaten to exacerbate a looming recession. The International Monetary Fund and other global lenders were expected to announce this week a loan package, estimated between $30 billion and $45 billion, to bring Latin America's biggest economy back from the edge of a financial abyss. Coming on the heels of a sweeping fiscal austerity package, the loan aims to restore investor confidence in the country's crisis-torn economy and shore up the local currency, the real. Industry leaders urged the Central Bank to snatch the moment to cut interest rates of 43 percent a year when its monetary policy committee meets Wednesday. The bank hiked interest rates in mid-September to stem a mass exodus of dollars after a devaluation in Russia triggered fears Brazil might follow suit. "Maintaining rates at current levels could jeopardize the fiscal adjustment," the National Industry Confederation (CNI), an independent business group, said in a statement. The Central Bank may lower its basic assistance rate, currently at an annualized 49.75 percent per year, but markets were paying closer attention to the benchmark overnight rate, which the bank sets daily through informal auctions. Economists said the bank could rapidly reduce the rate to between 35 percent and 40 percent from 42.75 percent Tuesday. Interest rates must drop fast to limit the depth of a recession forecast to hit the economy early next year. Economists predict activity will contract by 1 percent to 3 percent in 1999 as tax rises, spending cuts and other measures included in the fiscal plan slam the brakes on consumption. The government on Monday detailed sweeping spending cuts set to carve into the already tight budgets of vulnerable sectors like health, education and infrastructure. More pressingly, a rate cut would help check ballooning interest payments on debt, a key contributor to a nominal budget deficit of more than 7 percent of gross domestic product. A sizable chunk of the government's debt of roughly $300 billion is indexed to the overnight rate. "The fiscal effort could be entirely canceled by debt servicing costs, on the one hand, and by a drop in revenues, on the other hand, which will come about with the deepening of the recession," the CNI warned. Economists said conditions for a rate reduction this week were positive. Local shares have soared 25 percent in the last week on optimism about an IMF-led loan, while dollars are starting to trickle back into Brazil on expectations the amount of debt coming due in overseas markets would diminish in November. "Today, we think the situation is very different," said an economist at Banco Votorantim in Sao Paulo. "The doors are opening (for a rate reduction)." The government must deliver a cut generous enough to calm nervous industry leaders but modest enough to prevent Congress from relaxing the pace of voting on unpopular measures contained in the fiscal plan, said one economist. "The government is hostage to two things when deciding whether to lower rates: relieving pressure on the economy and the public deficit and pressuring Congress into voting," said Enrico Porta, fund manager at Banco Credibanco in Sao Paulo. Copyright 1998, Reuters News Service