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To: DaveMG who wrote (46)	12/9/1998 3:26:00 PM
From: DaveMG	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 426

ERICSSON POSITION ON MARKET-DRIVEN 3G STANDARDIZATION 12/9/98 Introduction The following summarizes Ericsson's position on the standardization of 3G mobile telephony, often referred to as IMT-2000. The scope is to promote a basic understanding of the parallel standardization processes in general, and the issue of harmonization in particular. ERICSSON POSITION IN BRIEF Ericsson is a strong supporter of A market-driven standardization that considers all operator and user requirements Technology harmonization that supports the evolution of all 2G standards to 3G with optimal performance Technical solutions that offer cost-effective support for 3G requirements with prospects for global volumes HARMONIZATION Harmonization has always been a key principle in the work of standardization bodies. This is an established practice that all players in the wireless industry benefit from. Ericsson has always been an enthusiastic supporter of harmonization efforts. Harmonization is to the benefit of the users because it helps with Easy development and deployment of new applications Future-proofing investments with reduced risk and increased economies-of-scale that increase competition and reduce costs for the users Increased globalization of markets leading to economies-of-scale as well as user freedom to roam For several years of 3G standardization, extensive efforts have been made to ensure harmonization. In this context, harmonization means the adoption of the optimal components of each proposed technology on their technical merits as long as it is in line with the fundamental requirements on market-driven standardization. Harmonization is not the same as backward compatibility, where one specific technology or group of operators and users would potentially benefit more than others. It is fundamental that fair and open-ended standardization work is based on market requirements. New standards must cater for differences between operators concerning access to spectrum, past and future investments and market preferences. MARKET-DRIVEN STANDARDIZATION All standardization must consider the requirements of the marketplace and the operators. No institutional standardization can go beyond the interests of the operators and those of their customers. Standardization is successively migrating from institutions such as standardization bodies to industry groups and organizations co-operating to create best effort de facto standards, of which TCP/IP is an example. Market-driven standardization must meet operator requirements to arrive at most-suited technologies for varying needs. These requirements differ depending on Existing and new spectrum allocation Different investments in 2G technology Roadmaps for 2G to 3G migration/interworking Other determinants not to be overlooked are socio-economic, cultural, equal opportunity and other non-technical needs that yet are crucial in marketing new technology. Each 2G technology has its specific set of technical requirements that can not be met in exactly the same way, everywhere and at all times. Although the end objective remains the same – a global family of 2G standards that can evolve to 3G capabilities – there is no single best way to get there. For instance, standardization must consider the huge investments made by operators and end users in four different 2G technologies in commercial service – GSM, TDMA IS-136, IS-95 and PDC. 3G means adding wideband capabilities of multimedia, video, images and future Internet and intranet-based services – or several of these services used simultaneously by one subscriber – to 2G mobile telephone services. Compatibility and ease of integration with 2G technologies over future mobile terminals has always been an important issue in 3G. This is, however, not the same as seeking unrestricted and complete convergence in todays multi-standard environment and worldwide mobile marketplace with a single solution for which all operators must make provisions. Ericsson therefore strongly supports a market-driven approach to standardization, firmly based on freedom of choice in selecting the ideal migration path to 3G. WCDMA is a completely new technology best suited to meet 3rd-generation requirements. The principle of the free choice is why worldwide support has been building for WCDMA as a powerful technology for new spectrum – a completely new concept not related to, or limited by, any 2nd-generation wireless technology. WCDMA is today the preferred standard adopted by standardization bodies ETSI and ARIB. WCDMA is also included in a majority of proposals to the ITU for its recommendation of next-generation radio transmission technology, IMT-2000. Freedom of choice was also the guiding principle behind a technology that best serves the needs of operators of TDMA IS-136 technology in their frequency bands. The technology in question is UWC-136, based on pure TDMA technology. This is also the case for GSM operators with EDGE technology for existing frequency bands. In a similar fashion, i.e. to facilitate migration in existing spectrum, IS-95 operators would best be served by cdma2000. The aim of the global standardization process is to find standards and recommendations that enable all operators to evolve their service offerings in a cost-effective way. The selection of the most suitable technologies must take into account both market and regulatory aspects, such as spectrum allocation. This points directly to a de facto multi-standard environment with standards and recommendations that include different technological elements. This is a consequence of the need to satisfy different market and regulatory scenarios. THE CHARACTER OF Radio Transmission Technology (RTT) To provide for the best interests of all operators with both existing and/or modified spectrum bands, as well as new spectrum, the following RTT technology elements must be catered for An optimized 3G technology for new or modified spectrum bands. There is no backward compatibility on the physical layer except for support of dual-band/dual-mode 2G/3G terminals for all 2G standards. The solution is WCDMA technology with direct spread – see figure below. Spectrum migration where 3G-capable technologies co-exist with current technologies in 2G spectrum bands already allocated (800, 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz) due to backward compatibility for spectrum sharing, as well as dual-mode 2G/3G terminals for the respective 2G standard. The solutions are EDGE/UWC-136 for TDMA-based GSM and TDMA IS-136 spectrum migration, and cdma2000 multi-carrier technology for IS-95 spectrum migration – see figure below. The Ericsson proposal for harmonized third-generation mobile communications offers equal opportunity to all operators and users worldwide. The Ericsson proposal would allow operators to migrate to third-generation (3G) mobile communications independent of their current technologies. The solution from Ericsson would harmonize WCDMA and cdma2000 systems making it possible to produce low-cost dual-mode mobile phones and terminals to serve users across the two system standards. Ericsson's initiative is based on a reduction of the so-called chiprate of WCDMA from the present 4,096 Mcps to 3,84 Mcps. The solution bridges WCDMA and cdma2000 technologies and lays the foundation for harmonized world standards, offers equal access to global terminal market volumes and also facilitates global roaming. ericsson.se