To: Savant who wrote (82 ) 4/11/1999 2:14:00 PM From: brec Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 314
When I want to sell something, I should be able to sell it to an interested buyer How are you going to meet this buyer? Won't you go to a market , i.e., a meeting of people for traffic by ... purchase and sale , i.e., a congregation of buyers and other sellers? (The meeting place may be electronic, but that doesn't matter.) And what is a buyer, but someone who has a bid? And what is a seller, but someone who asks a price? The difference between the lowest asking price and the highest bid is the spread. A spread is inherent in the existence of a market for a fungible such as a security. If all the buyers and sellers find an agreeable counterpart and trade, then everyone goes home and there is no more market; as long as some buyers and sellers remain, there is a market and a spread. There is a difference in sense between market , as I use the term, and what would be most precisely denoted by marketplace . A marketplace might be empty of people at any given time, and be merely a place that potential participants know about as a destination for buying and selling activity. By market I mean an existing meeting of buyers and sellers, not merely a place. Notice that I have said nothing above about market makers, middlemen, or markups. They may or may not be part of a given market. Regardless, where there is a market, there is a spread. Perhaps some people first become exposed to the term "spread" in association with NASDAQ market makers, and assume that the term applies only in that context. But, as noted previously, the definition of spread is merely the difference between asked and bid price -- regardless of whether the asker and bidder are one and the same dealer, or two different ultimate principals.Can there be a difference between the buyer's price and the seller's price? Sure, that's called haggling, bargaining, dickering, ... No, the difference is called the spread. Note the distinction in meaning between a difference in price on one hand and haggling, bargaining, dickering on the other. The latter are forms of communication in which the spread is established and in some cases narrowed.