To: milo_morai who wrote (105911 ) 4/15/2000 5:31:00 PM From: minnow68 Read Replies (5) | Respond to of 1575845
Milo, This is one possibility that no one talks about. I am referring to is a situation where Mustang might have a significantly higher IPC than Willy AND a higher clock rate. Not just at introduction, but for all of time. Sledgehammer may actually do nothing more than increase AMD's lead over Intel. Everyone assumes that Willy will clock faster because of the deep pipe. But there is more to this than the deep pipe. The PIII has a deeper pipe than Athlon does already. And somehow Athlon is faster. And that is true despite PIII currently being made on a signficantly better process than Athlon. Scumbria is right about deep pipes allowing higher clock rates in general. The empirical evidence is indeed strong that deeper pipes produce higher clock rates. But it is not a perfect correlation. Also, Willy is moving into uncharted waters. I know of no production processor, ever, that has a pipe as long as Willy's. Therefore, there is no empirical evidence to guide us about Willy. Additionally, there are diminishing returns. As you add pipeline stages, the additional benefit you get is reduced. The chip becomes bigger, and the probability of dividing work between stages correctly is reduced. So what is the magic number? We really don't know. I agree with Scumbria that the place to look is actual projects. Empirical evidence is the best. But we seem to have a shortage of production CPUs with 15, 20, 25, 30, etc. stage pipelines. Scumbria has stated that he believes that 20 stages (less than Willy I believe) is where the benefits start being less than the penalties. Maybe he is right. But one thing to consider is that the benefits of each additional pipeline stage decrease as you approach the breakeven point. Those additional transistors could have been used in other ways to speed clock rate. My point is that Willy's ultra deep pipeline is not on well explored territory. Yes, it might be the fastest x86 design the world has ever seen. But Willy might, just might, be completely destroyed by Mustang. Looking at this a different way, it always seemed to me that no one could design a CPU faster than Dirk Meyer. IMHO, no one ever came up with a RISC processor faster than the Alpha. Now Dirk and his buddies show up in the x86 world, and we see the fastest x86 processor the world has seen. The fact that for over a decade, the fastest CPU of the catagory is whatever Dirk has done is very impressive. To me, that places the burden on Intel, not AMD, to prove that their processor will be faster. To date, Intel has convinced me that Intel has a chance of having the fastest processor. IMHO, one chance is all that Intel has now. Mike