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To: kemble s. matter who wrote (158555)7/16/2000 12:13:53 PM
From: Mike Van Winkle  Respond to of 176387
 
Kemble, here are three stories that help clarify for me what has been going on in Dell's management overhaul during the last 18 months. It also has helped me understand Dell Inc, and has firmed my outlook for Dell over the next 5 years (which in today's world is an astounding time frame).

The first is the incredible three in a box story.

dallasnews.com

Three-part harmony

Courtesy Dell Computer Corp.
Dell Computer Corp. has adopted an unconventional structure call the Office of the Chief Executive Officer. While Michael Dell (middle) is chairman and CEO, James Vanderslice (left) and Kevin Rollins are vice chairmen.

Dell, deputies offer insight into CEO duties

07/16/2000

By Leah Beth Ward / The Dallas Morning News

ROUND ROCK, Texas – Quietly and gradually, Michael Dell has stepped back from running the day-to-day business of the company he founded in 1984.

Since January, two trusted executives, Kevin Rollins and James Vanderslice, have been in charge of keeping Dell Computer Corp. on track as it makes the occasionally painful transition from a young company focused on pure growth to a mature, Fortune 500 company, level-headed but still capable of all the right moves.

"Having people with the skills of Kevin and Jim on our team allows me to spend more time on long-term strategy," Mr. Dell, 35, said in an e-mail response to questions.

Dell Computer will always be about Michael Dell, of course, "'cause it's his company," as Mr. Rollins puts it.

But Dr. Vanderslice, 59, and Mr. Rollins, 47, are now part of an unusual three-person CEO team. They expand on this arrangement in interviews on Page 2H.

The Round Rock company needs steady hands these days.

For years, it was Wall Street's favorite fairy tale with its breathtaking 50 percent annual growth rates.

Reality bit in January when Dell warned that its fourth-quarter earnings would lag behind estimates by 5 cents a share, its second warning related to profitability in as many months.

Dell retooled and this spring announced an e-business strategy designed to capitalize on its foundation in all things Internet. Despite stiff competition and a few copycats, Dell is still the largest direct seller of personal computers in the world.

Mr. Dell has fashioned a rare structure for the executive suite of a major U.S. corporation, where having a big ego is often prerequisite. Informally called "three in a box," the textbook description is the office of the chief executive officer, or OCEO.

Mr. Dell learned the hard way that one person, however sharp, cannot continue to successfully run a company growing at warp speeds.

In 1994, when Dell was coming off a $35 million loss, Mr. Dell decided to tap respected Motorola executive Morton Topfer as vice chairman. "Mort brought discipline to the operations," Mr. Rollins said.

Mr. Topfer was 57 then; Mr. Dell, 29. Together they made up the office of the CEO.

So if two heads were better than one at that time, then three, Mr. Dell's thinking went, will be even better as the company segments its business to capitalize on the Internet economy.

Mr. Rollins, an outside consultant during the troubled times, had developed strategies to return Dell to its "direct" model. He decided to make the leap to the company in 1996 and was named vice chairman in December 1997.

In March last year, Dell and IBM announced an agreement that essentially made IBM a research-and-development supplier to Dell, a pact that pushed Jim Vanderslice, a loyal IBM lifer, into Mr. Dell's consciousness.

And Dr. Vanderslice liked the company so much that he decided to work for it, becoming in December the second vice chairman, completing the tri-part office of the CEO.

Mr. Dell said he regards the two vice chairmen as co-CEOs. "Each of them has the capability of running a company like Dell on his own, but together we are a stronger and faster team," he said.

"Jim has a deep background in technology and large systems, which are important areas of growth for Dell. ... Kevin has a tremendous commitment to the direct business model and its competitive advantages."

Mr. Topfer, meanwhile, is serving as special consultant to the CEO.

A three-person CEO structure is not unheard of, said Dr. Jay A. Conger, a management expert at the Center for Effective Organizations at the University of Southern California. "But it's relatively rare because most CEOs like to be in charge."

Dr. Conger said Dell's setup reflects Mr. Dell's leadership style and disposition. "It's a peer-based system where the leader doesn't need to stand taller than everyone else, and Michael is very much like that."



To: kemble s. matter who wrote (158555)7/16/2000 12:21:47 PM
From: Mike Van Winkle  Respond to of 176387
 
Kemble here is the second and related story. If you want to copy a 200 foot tall sequoia you pick a 1000 seeds, and wait a 1000 years. To copy Dell .....

"Q: Why can't the Dell model be copied?
A: Organizations don't change by concept. They change by design, evolution. It's my personal belief that when you want to really dramatically change a company, you fundamentally have to fire all the managers."

dallasnews.com

For ex-consultant Rollins, there's no place like Dell

07/16/2000

Kevin Rollins
Vice chairman,
Dell Computer Corp.

Q: Did you have any prior experience with this "office of the CEO?"
A: No, but Mort had experience with that at Motorola. [Mort Topfer was an executive at Motorola prior to joining Dell as vice chairman and now consultant.] It was different from ours in that the folks had very defined roles and responsibilities. Ours never got that refined. We just did whatever we had to do to be totally interchangeable.

Q: So how did Jim transition into his role when Mort finally retired?
A: We just needed another seasoned executive who could come in, someone who was more at the end of their career than the beginning of their career, who again was not bugged that they would not be the CEO. And so, Jim Vanderslice fit that profile.

Q: What does that say about the kind of people Dell hires?
A: As a company, we've said, "If you're going to join Dell to aggrandize yourself, to promote yourself, you're not the right person. If you're looking to make a name, to be prominent, to launch to your next career level, don't come here."

Q: The title "vice chairman." Since neither you nor Jim is a board member, it's rather an odd use of the word.
A: I think Michael wanted to have it that way, frankly. When I came in, you know, the vice chairman in my parlance, at least when I was a younger guy, meant "emeritus." And I wasn't interested in this emeritus stuff. What it really is, we're co-COOs [co-chief operating officers]. But Michael was not comfortable with that title for whatever reason, and frankly, at Dell, again, if you're getting hung up about a title, you're probably at the wrong company. So you can call us the two wazoos. It really doesn't matter.

Q: So this is more or less a permanent thing that Michael has set up?
A: It could change. In terms of if the company gets really, really big, I think one of the things we're finding is the office of the CEO cannot run everything. We have to delegate. So there may come a time when the model may not work or may not be needed because we are now creating many OCEO models within independent business units.

Q: Wouldn't the company lose its footing if you strayed from the OCEO model?
A: No, because it's not the underpinning of the business. It's having enough eyes and ears watching a very rapidly changing and dynamic business to make sure it stays on track. Three of us all watching is easier than having one CEO person. I can't imagine doing that. I wouldn't want that job. I'd have no life.

Q: And it's OK to have a life working here?
A: Oh, yeah. I think all of us want to have a life.

Q: This company has had so many record years, and then times change, and you have to recalibrate people's expectations. How do you do that?
A: I think the one thing that has changed now is when you become a $25 billion company instead of a $2.5 billion company, your ability to manage that thing growing at a 40 and 50 percent growth rate starts to diminish. Adding $8 billion, $9 billion and $10 billion a year, it's just not physically smart to try to do that because the wheels fall off the cart. You can't watch it enough. You can't hire enough people fast enough. You can't train them fast enough to keep it stable.

Q: You were able to come in as Mr. Fixit and then move into an executive role. That's fairly unusual, isn't it?
A: I was an outsider. Dell is unique. The right people from outside firms can actually work here. The diversity of our management team, if you look at our senior guys, there's only a couple that are really from the PC business. Most of them are from consulting, component industries, the software business. We found that diversity actually is good, because we didn't see that there are that many high-quality folks in the PC business anymore.

Q: So this diversity in backgrounds provides a kind of check against any single line of thought from defining the course?
A: It gives us a different view of the world. If you've got just industry guys, they would have said, "Here's how you do it."

Q: They would have a vested interest in doing it their way, you mean?
A: We'd have spent the first year erasing their memory, because Dell doesn't do it like the industry does. In fact, if we do, we're sure that we will get the same result the industry got, and we don't want those results.

Q: How do you keep abreast of changing conditions in the market, in technology?
A: This is where I think Michael is probably the best. Michael is an entrepreneur's entrepreneur. So he stays out in front looking – that's where he gets his kicks. I don't think he really enjoys running the business day-to-day. Michael's message is, "Don't get calcified, because change is good." Embrace change. Embrace ambiguity. People who don't embrace ambiguity don't do very well here. There's a certain intellectual curiosity that's part of our model. But if you don't buy into that, you won't have fun here.

Q: What's it like to work with Michael Dell?
A: Well, it's kind of exciting. It changes every day, because Michael is an entrepreneur and he'll come up with a lot of new ideas. Some of them are great and some of them are not so great, but the fact is he comes up with a lot of them and most of them are good. Plus he loves the industry and the technology so much, more so than any CEO you're going to find. He can stand up and discuss technology with engineers and hold his ground. You can't pick another CEO in our industry who can.

He recognized the wisdom early on of, "Hey, look. I'm good at those things. I'm not going to try to run it all. I'll hire professionals to run it and I'll do what I do best." Whereas there are a lot of folks who are megalomaniacs: "My way or the highway." And they dominate long past their usefulness.

Q: Dell hasn't been known as a services company. Why are you trying to change this now?
A: We still make very nice money on hardware. But what we've concluded is that we can make money on services too. Services is a good one to go after, because most of these guys have run to that space and created a price umbrella. We can go in with our direct model of efficiency and crash it.

Q: And that's what you guys do: Go from segment to segment to segment where the umbrella is up and ...
A: Yes. Undercut it. Crash it. Take market share and benefit customers in the process.

Q: What do you make of the dot.com economy?
The benefits of the Internet economy are massive and will change all things that we do. Now information can flow more rapidly. You don't have to have people-dependencies all the way through an organization. Now the dot.coms, many of them, came in and understood the sales piece. They just had a storefront on the Internet. It lets you eliminate time, inventory and physical presence and exchange it for information. Any of the dot.coms that don't fundamentally eliminate physical inventory and exchange it for information are going to struggle.

An example of this is Amazon. It's building massive amounts of warehouse space all over the world. What did they do? Well, they eliminated the sales force and put it in their Web site, but they've got all the physical structure sitting behind that. And so if you look, they haven't made money yet, but they're saying, "We will. We will." You're going to have to be real careful with those models that replace one little step in the value chain.

Q: You were rumored to be up for the CEO job at Hewlett-Packard. Were you tempted?
A: No, not really. I get headhunter calls all the time. But the reason I wasn't is twofold: To go and try to convert their business model to the one I think is the best, which is Dell's, would not be possible. I just don't think you can get there from here. There's a lot of smart people in the world, many of them smarter than I am. Compaq, IBM, HP. None of them have been able to do it.

If I did it, I'd have to bring in a lot of talent to pull it off, because I'd probably have to fire most of their managers. And then where's my new talent? I've brought all my talent in here to Dell. So I'd have to be going back to Dell, saying, "OK, you followed me there, now follow me here." And they'd be going, "What for? This was the model. It was the one you talked about. Why would I go follow you into another one? This one is winning."

Q: Why can't the Dell model be copied?
A: Organizations don't change by concept. They change by design, evolution. It's my personal belief that when you want to really dramatically change a company, you fundamentally have to fire all the managers.



To: kemble s. matter who wrote (158555)7/16/2000 12:35:14 PM
From: Mike Van Winkle  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 176387
 
Kemble here is the third, Mort's replacement. So Dell is like a 200 foot sequoia, only growing at a 30% compound rate.

"To me, this is real simple. We took the desktop. We've now taken back the portable business. We took workstations. Now the big opportunity is servers and storage. That's it. If we just do what we gotta do, we'll get to $70 billion." (by the end of 2003 ).

NOTE: This does not include service!
Best,
Mike

dallasnews.com

Vanderslice had to adapt from the culture at IBM

07/16/2000

James Vanderslice

Vice chairman,
Dell Computer Corp.

Q: So were you ready to leave IBM?
A: No, I was not. Someone by the name of John Thompson at Heidrick & Struggles, who has known me for years ... John had tried to get me out of IBM for a number of years, and he said, "Would you meet Michael Dell in New York?" And I said, "It's not going anywhere, John. I'm not interested." And John being John, he's a great guy, he said, "Jim, he's a customer." So I met Michael in New York.

And Michael said, "Well, what do you think?" And I said, "Michael, look. I'm one of the chief advocates for Dell at IBM. So why don't you hire someone else, and you'll have two advocates for Dell?" And Michael laughed, and I went back to Connecticut and Michael went back to Texas. John called me in the next day or two and said, "Michael's very serious. You have to continue the discussion. These guys are very tenacious." I have a great deal of respect for these guys because, again, they are very smart, very committed and tenacious.

Q: And apparently irresistible.
A: Well, I'll tell you, it was a difficult decision. It wasn't all one way, either. It was a difficult decision for me, and I wanted to make sure that it was a difficult decision for them, because even though I think I was their choice, this was an important step for them. So it wasn't all neat and clean. After that first meeting, I met with most of the management team. Believe me, there was no question that I knew I could get along with these people. And Michael, I mean the man is a saint. He's kind of crotchety sometimes, and on the other hand, direct and very tough and thoughtful. At Michael's age, to be so sensitive to the environment and to his people, is amazing.

Q: Did you have to rid them of any preconceived notions they may have had about you as an IBM lifer?
A: I'm sure they had notions and still do. This transition, it's been straightforward and I think I have a lot of the personal attributes that fit here. I would tell you that I'm sure they have concerns about my previous life that probably worries them a bit: "Jim's going to have to adapt a little more to the Dell culture." But those kinds of things are why they brought me here. If I was exactly a replication of a Deller, it's probably not what they had in mind. But I have to tell you, the one I've left out here is Kevin. He in every way has been open in terms of my entry in here. It's really been remarkable. I couldn't believe this three-in-a-box thing at first. When John Thompson said to me, "Well, they have this management structure here with two or three in a box," I said, "Are you out of your mind?"

Q: Why, you thought that was too cumbersome? Or too newfangled?
A: Well, I'm used to an environment where you get the job and you're held accountable. The interesting thing in this is, we all have so much to do. But you know, it's not work. It's in the zone. My wife says I'm in the zone. And so it's a great in-the-zone experience.

Q: How are the responsibilities of the vice chairmen spelled out?
A: We try to cut off all the big pieces as best we can. Obviously, there are different experiences and background that kind of help. I have points of contact. Kevin has points of contact. I have the operations that work for me, manufacturing and most of the development, but that doesn't mean that Kevin doesn't meet with them on a regular basis and get updated. For example, Japan is one of my contact points. Kevin was there last month, and I was in Asia.

Q: Did you know you would be working that closely with him? Or is that something you had to work on?
A: I think we're both working on that a little bit, candidly. I think we're both leaning into the wind a little bit, to over-communicate. I think it's one of those things that takes attention in your mind to make it work. Not that it's bad, it's not bad at all. It's very positive. But you have to be sensitive, and say, "Hey, I better go tell Kevin about that."

Q: What does Kevin bring to this three-in-a-box structure?
A: Kevin is very analytical. He likes to study the numbers, figure out from a market point of view the opportunities.

I'm analytical when it comes to the operation side and getting things done, figuring out when you look at a particular operation, whether it's working or not working and what has to be done to get it fixed. So, one doesn't exclude the other, but together I think we're very much complementary. The delicate thing is that we make sure directionally that we keep everybody in sync.

Q: Is there anything about this company and the way it's positioned now in its development that reminds you of anything comparable at IBM?
A: What I find interesting, a better way for me to look at it, is that I come to work excited and energized.

Q: Every day?
A: I really do. My kids are in their early 30s, late 20s, and they say to me, "Dad, you are so unbelievably blessed to be, at your age, so charged."

I think this company has unlimited opportunities and it goes like this. We have captured Number 1 in workstations. We focused on workstations a short time ago, took it to market with the Dell model and successfully achieved Number 1, knocking out HP and Sun. Now we're after the server market and we're Number 2, adding 10 points of market share in the fourth quarter and five in the most recent quarter. We don't forecast or make predictions, but if we were to grow at 30 percent annually, by the end of 2003 [Dell's fiscal 2004], we'd be a $70-plus billion company!

Q: Dell has had to recalibrate other people's expectations of the company. You can't keep up the 40 and 50 percent growth rates. How hard is it to manage expectations without overselling or underselling the company when the market is so unpredictable?
A: That's a real good question, because I've been thinking about that in my own mind. I think we sometimes get too complex in our messages. To me, this is real simple. We took the desktop. We've now taken back the portable business. We took workstations. Now the big opportunity is servers and storage. That's it.

If we just do what we gotta do, we'll get to $70 billion. I think what we tend to do sometimes, we tell them everything we're doing, and it just fries the brain. Some of those things will work to varying degrees and some won't. But in the base business, we've got enough to generate plenty of growth and plenty of returns for shareholders and exciting work for our people.

Q: Dell wants to be known as a services company, but you're not there yet. And everybody claims to be doing it.
A: What happens is everybody points to the bleachers. I think you have to say: Who does it now, who supports their customers? Who can customize an order? Who can order parts from the Net? We know how to do all that, and by God, I was sitting here today with a consulting outfit that asked if they could take our intellectual property to market because they are so impressed with how we manage our suppliers.

Q: Will you do that?
A: I always look at everything.

Q: Do you think being a successful enterprise has always been about capturing intellectual property?
A: Absolutely yes.

Think about the semiconductor business. For years, there were only a few players. It was like the railroads. Only a few players with capital to invest, and therefore, the intellectual property was generated in those companies. And they were vertically integrated. Now if you look at these big semi foundries in Taiwan, even IBM now, and every shop with two designers and a dog can leap into a multibillion semiconductor facility. Think about what that's done to the world.

I have always thought of the Internet as opening up the intellectual property of everybody and communicating it. Moving the human experience much faster. That's what happens when you get everybody online. You communicate.

Q: How long do you plan to be here?
A: I don't know. Till I'm not having any fun. That's not even the right answer. You know, when I first proposed this to my wife, she literally thought I had fallen off a turnip truck.

I thought I'd never, never work this long.



To: kemble s. matter who wrote (158555)7/16/2000 12:42:42 PM
From: Mike Van Winkle  Read Replies (2) | Respond to of 176387
 
Kemble, Dell is worth the PE of CSCO. Hang on to your ticket to this Dell train.
Best,
Mike