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Politics : PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Zoltan! who wrote (127461)	2/16/2001 11:39:12 AM
From: Patricia Trinchero	Read Replies (5) \| Respond to of 769667

From website on the civil rights act Federal involvement All branches of the federal government impacted the civil rights movement. President John Kennedy supported enforcement of desegregation in schools and public facilities. Attorney General Robert Kennedy brought more than 50 lawsuits in four states to secure black Americans' right to vote. President Lyndon Johnson was personally committed to achieving civil rights goals. Congress passed and President Johnson signed the century's two most far-reaching pieces of civil rights legislation--the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Johnson advocated civil rights even though he knew it would cost the Democratic Party the South in the next presidential election, and for the foreseeable future. FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, concerned about possible Communist influence in the civil rights movement and personally antagonistic to Martin Luther King, Jr., used the FBI to investigate King and other civil rights leaders. U.S. District Court Judge Frank M. Johnson, Jr., ruled against segregation and voting rights discrimination in Alabama and made the Selma-to-Montgomery March possible.

To: Zoltan! who wrote (127461)	2/16/2001 11:57:29 AM
From: Patricia Trinchero	Read Replies (4) \| Respond to of 769667

HEre is some additional history about Republicans and racism After 1877, and the election of Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, the South quickly replaced Reconstruction laws with new ones that restricted the rights of blacks. These laws allowed the South's new upper class of planters, merchants and industrialists to prosper, while most blacks sank deeper into poverty. Between 1880 and 1900, the per capita income of the Deep South showed no increase at all, and the average black farmer's decreased. Racial segregation, called "Jim Crow," excluded blacks from public transport and facilities, jobs, juries, and neighborhoods. Blacks had separate hospitals, prisons, orphanages, parks and pools. The 19th century ended with the races firmly segregated -- culturally and legally.

To: Zoltan! who wrote (127461)	2/16/2001 12:00:06 PM
From: Patricia Trinchero	Read Replies (2) \| Respond to of 769667

Election fraud, violence and harassment in the South effectively prevented most of the black population from voting. Louisiana invented the "Grandfather Clause" in 1898, which said that only those men whose grandfathers or fathers had voted prior to 1867 could vote. Other states soon followed suit. By 1900, Louisiana's black voter registration declined from 130,000 to 5,000.

To: Zoltan! who wrote (127461)	2/16/2001 5:57:34 PM
From: J_F_Shepard	Read Replies (3) \| Respond to of 769667

RE: "Congressional Quarterly reported that, in the House of Representatives, 61% of Democrats voted for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as opposed to 80% of Republicans. In the Senate, 69% of Democrats voted for the Act while 82% of Republicans were in favor." The South has always been culturally for segregation and politically went Democratic after the Civil War and the fact that Lincoln was a Republican. It is my impression that the former Solid (Dem) South remained that way until the Civil Rights Act of 64 which incidentally was filibustered primarily by southerners for 75 days. Since the passage of the 64 law the southern Dem's have gradually switched their allegiance to the Repubs hence the solid Republican base in the south now. Repubs love to make noise when another dem has switched parties...it is usually in a southern state. Don't be surprised if Senator Zell Miller of Georgia switches. It cannot be denied that most people who are segregationist, and anti affirmative action are republican. There are still so called "boll weevil" democrats(from the South) in Congress who consistently vote republican. I hastened to add that not all southern dems were segregationist...the 64 bill would not have passed without them. Senator Fulbright was a leader in the fight and of course, LBJ was the primary mover of the bill that was initially proposed by JFK in 63.