To: Arthur Tang who wrote (3 ) 5/17/2001 7:32:47 AM From: Arthur Tang Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 57 Now, I should clarify the technology knowledge collaboration aspect of business management? Technology is used in high tech products. There are design technology and function technology. Design technology, believe me, is manufacturing methods and styling. It is exciting for the users, but boring for the industrial designer. The function technology is very exciting for the designer, but boring to the consumer. It generally involves laws of physics and chemistry(laws of nature). ie. Laser is but a coherent light, by bouncing electrons into a atomic free space lined up in a crystal(or molecular structure). The free space acts like many gun barrels where the bullets can shoot out straight. Electrons or gamma ray particle clusters comes out as light arrays. Coherent means every particle takes its space without collision. You really can not patent such or any laser. Because it occurs in nature. So business management for laser products has no legal protection, but trade secret prevents competition to take over your market. Technology therefore depends on discovery of new laws of nature when you spend 10%(revenue or income) on research and development overhead. Some company such as IBM now gets away from that philosophy and only do applied research to get monetary rewards faster in research and development expenses. It shows in their announcements of new developments which were what they did 20 years ago. Some are not even fundamentally sound in scientific concept, but extreme acclaims. You don't improve speed at 450 mhz with copper connections from aluminum connections. But still each and every corporate executive had to understand the ultimate technology for his business, so no competition can destroy his business. Ultimate(until dooms day) technology is the final limits of physics and chemistry. Even productivity from computer efficiency will reach a limit unless you understand the convergence technology where one science combines another to gain more efficiency. So for each business, the technology direction must be understood to gage the future of any company. Knowledge collaboration(itself is a technology) by comparison, is comparing case history of many similar companies. For serious investors, the fun just begin. Good luck on all your future investments.