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To: ThirdEye who wrote (163542)7/23/2001 1:27:01 PM
From: Neocon  Respond to of 769667
 
Probing the power of prayer
January 18, 2000
Web posted at: 11:48 AM EST (1648 GMT)

By Catherine Rauch

(WebMD) -- When Aretha Franklin crooned the words "I say a little prayer for you" in the hit 1960s song she probably didn't imagine that the soulful pledge would become the stuff of serious science. But increasingly, scientists are studying the power of prayer, and in particular its role in healing people who are sick.

Most research in the field looks at how people who are sick are affected by their own spiritual beliefs and practices. In general, these studies have suggested that people who are religious seem to heal faster or cope with illness more effectively than do the nondevout.

But a few scientists have taken a further step: They're trying to find out if you can help strangers by praying for them without their knowledge.

A recent, controversial study of cardiac patients conducted at St. Luke's Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri, concludes that this type of prayer -- known as intercessory prayer -- may indeed make a difference. "Prayer may be an effective adjunct to standard medical care," says cardiac researcher William Harris, Ph.D., who headed the St. Luke's study. The study was published in the October 25, 1999 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.

Harris and team examined the health outcomes of nearly 1,000 newly admitted heart patients at St. Luke's. The patients, who all had serious cardiac conditions, were randomly assigned to two groups. Half received daily prayer for four weeks from five volunteers who believed in God and in the healing power of prayer. The other half received no prayer in conjunction with the study.

The volunteers were all Christians. The participants were not told they were in a study. The people praying were given only the first names of their patients and never visited the hospital. They were instructed to pray for the patients daily "for a speedy recovery with no complications."

Measuring marvels

Using a lengthy list of events that could happen to cardiac patients -- such as chest pains, pneumonia, infection, and death -- Harris concluded that the group receiving prayers fared 11 percent better than the group that didn't, a number considered statistically significant.

Harris originally embarked on his study to see if he could replicate a similar 1988 study of intercessory prayer conducted at San Francisco General Hospital. That study -- one of the only published studies of its kind -- also found that prayer benefited patients, but by a different measure: The patients were able to go home from the hospital sooner. In Harris' study, the length of the hospital stay and the time spent in the cardiac unit were no different for the two groups.

Still, Harris says, his study bolsters the evidence that prayer works. "To me it almost argues for another intelligence, to have to redirect this very vague information."

At the very least, he says, his results validate the need for more research. "It strengthens the field. The more studies done in independent, different places, the closer you are to the truth," he says.

Fans and critics

The Harris study, like its predecessor, has attracted both fans and critics, and plenty of each. Some critics say that adding up health events to judge a patient's outcome is subjective, open to bias, and therefore scientifically invalid. Others say not informing people they were in a study is unethical and disrespects personal religious preferences.

"This was a reasonably well conducted study, [but] I think they made some mistakes," says Richard Sloan, Ph.D., a cardiovascular researcher at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center in New York who closely follows research on spirituality and healing.

Sloan has trouble with several aspects of the Harris study. The prayers were for a "speedy recovery" but there were no measurable differences in hospital stays for the two groups, he says. "Half of their predictions failed at the offset."

But supporters say the work is careful. "They're not claiming they are identifying how this occurred; they're just saying maybe we should take a closer look," says Harold Koenig, M.D., a doctor and professor of medicine and psychiatry at Duke University who has written about prayer and healing.

The percent of difference in the outcomes of the two groups was small, Koenig says, but the Harris study used sound methodology and produced intriguing results. "Many, many people pray. Many people would like to know if their prayers are being heard."

cnn.com



To: ThirdEye who wrote (163542)7/23/2001 1:33:35 PM
From: Neocon  Respond to of 769667
 
The most famous prayer study was conducted by Dr. Randolph Byrd, a cardiologist at the University of California at San Francisco Medical Center. He took 393 people who had been admitted to the hospital with a heart attack. All of the subjects received the same high-tech, state-of-the-art coronary care, but half were also prayed for by name by prayer groups around the country. No one knew who was being prayed for--the patients, the doctors, the nurses. The prayed-for group had fewer deaths, faster recovery, less intubations, and used fewer potent medications.
If the subject of this study had been a new medication instead of prayer, this would have been considered a medical breaththrough. Up until then, most medical people had considered prayer a nice thing. It didn't hurt much, but they certainly didn't consider it a matter of life and death.

One of the complaints about Byrd's and others' studies is that they are not rigorously done. In writing my books I looked at all of the studies, some 160 of them. While it is true that some have problems, many are fanatically precise and admirably designed. Two-thirds show that the impact of distant prayer is statistically significant.

Some scientists have talked of the "problem of extraneous prayer." How do we know that those cardiac patients in the control group weren't being prayed for by friends and family? People often pray in a crisis. Now, I for one am glad that this problem of extraneous prayer exists. If I have a heart attack, I want to have a lot of this problem! But for research purposes, scientists have gotten around this by doing studies of the growth of bacteria in test tubes. That way you guarantee the purity of the control group. And you know what? The prayed-for test tube also shows a reduction in the growth of bacteria. This kind of study might seem outrageous but this is where precise science can be done.

healthy.net.



To: ThirdEye who wrote (163542)7/23/2001 1:35:53 PM
From: Neocon  Read Replies (2) | Respond to of 769667
 
Power of Prayer.
Author/s: Katherine Gallia
Issue: April, 1999

Advanced AIDS patients who received an hour of prayer (or "remote healing") six days a week for 10 weeks were significantly healthier than those who received no prayer, according to a study led by Elizabeth Targ, M.D., director of the Complementary Medicine Research Institute in San Francisco. During the six-month study, patients who were prayed for required 85 percent fewer days of hospitalization and 29 percent fewer doctor visits, and developed 83 percent fewer new illnesses than the control group. The 40 remote healers involved came from seven different religious and healing traditions.

findarticles.com



To: ThirdEye who wrote (163542)7/23/2001 1:42:31 PM
From: Neocon  Respond to of 769667
 
Book Review
Healing Words: The Power of Prayer and the Practice of Medicine
by Larry Dossey, MD
Harper Collins, San Francisco, 1993
291 pages; $22.00

Reviewed by Rabbi Allen I. Freehling, PhD, DD

From the May, 1996
Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care.

All of us who are involved in providing comfort and strength for people afficted with AIDS ought to think about the power of prayer and the practice of medicine. Thanks to Larry Dossey, MD, we now have the means to consider this connection.

In his book Healing Words, this physician-author shares a wealth of knowledge. In some instances, he cites findings from other sources. But Dr. Dossey also permits us to gain insights from his own experience of responding to the needs of a multitude of patients who have turned to him for help in the midst of an illness-provoked crisis.

Not at all surprising, among his patients have been men and women who have manifested great faith in God, as well as those who have displayed either a lack of theological belief or some ambivalence when they have wondered if a Supreme Being has been an active presence in their lives.

Inasmuch as there is a perception that medicine and religion are not necessarily allied, Dossey offers a significant observation early in the book--namely that in some 15 to 20 percent of cases, there is advanced healing when the patient and others have prayed for divine assistance. It is within this context that Dossey, whose practice is in Santa Fe, New Mexico, writes, "Prayer says something incalculably important about who we are and what our destiny may be."

Relying upon reports from the world's many and diverse religious communities, the author provides us with examples of instances when prayer has seemed to induce medical "miracles" brought about by mystical and/or saintly individuals who have given evidence that the Divine has not only dwelt within them but that the spirit of God dwells in all of us, too.

Thus, physical health and spiritual achievement become interrelated in a way which appears to be mysterious to most of us--be we physicians or clergy!

As a result of maintaining faith in God, it seems that those who are ill are able to accept the negativity of pain and suffering and to transform it into something positive. So, when relying on prayer as a healing instrument, these patients become focused, authentic, genuine, and accepting of their fate. And, simultaneously, they give evidence of having a power which may even enable them--and their physicians--to cause the regression of life-threatening illnesses, such as cancer.

This prompts Dossey to posit a theory and to explain in some detail a number of prayerful techniques that seem to have some efficacy, including certain kinds of therapeutic touching, transpersonal imagery, remote sensing, and the bringing on of telesomatic events.

Next, the author asks his readers to consider the connection between prayer and the unconscious mind, so as to look at both psychological and physiological reasons why faith and prayer might cause extraordinary healing to occur.

Nevertheless, beyond that which is reasonably explained, he does have us explore such matters as the nature of prayer itself and the kinds of prayer which seem to have unexpected potency.

And, given that love is intimately related with health, it can be concluded that both human love and God's love enable some patients to recover, even when reasonable explanations fail to describe what has occurred.

Dossey then turns to his medical colleagues with a message: "The belief of the physician may somehow bring about improvements."

It is essential, he argues, that each member of the "healing team" has a clear understanding of his or her own theological concepts, and members must tap into their own spiritual resources as often as possible.

The balance of this enlightening and well-written book helps us to examine prayer from a scientific point of view, to read research evidence that clarifies the link between prayer and healing, and to have a better understanding of the essence of healing itself.

It seems to me that we have a manifold responsibility: to acknowledge the extent of our own faith (or the lack thereof), never to dismiss the idea that belief and healing are interwoven, and to encourage those who seek divine intervention to reach deep into their hearts, minds, and souls for assistance.

A reading of this book will help us--and them--along the way toward understanding.

Rabbi Allen I. Freehling was the founding chair of the Los Angeles County Commission on AIDS. He is a member of the AIDS Project Los Angeles board and the Reform Movement's Committee on AIDS, and is a trustee of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care.

International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care

thebody.com