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Politics : High Tolerance Plasticity -- Ignore unavailable to you. Want to Upgrade?

To: Second_Titan who wrote (11124)	12/15/2001 10:01:29 AM
From: stockman_scott	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 23153

U.S. Seen Shaking Recession in 2002 Saturday December 15, 8:19 am Eastern Time By Glenn Somerville WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The high-flying U.S. economy came back to earth with a thud in 2001, but economists expect it to struggle back upward in the year ahead as it shakes off the first recession in a decade. Opinion is virtually unanimous that the world's largest economy will regain its footing in 2002 and resume its upswing. For most economists it's just a question of when and how strong the recovery will be. Bush administration officials say a recession ``trough'' or bottom likely was reached in the current fourth quarter but private-sector analysts are more cautious. But for now the economy is dealing with a miserable toll of unemployment and displacement at the end of a record expansion that has run since the 1990-91 recession. More than one million jobs have vanished since this recession began in March -- many of them from the economic impact of the Sept. 11 attacks -- driving unemployment to a six-year high of 5.7 percent in November. The jobless rate is forecast to keep climbing. ``Recovery some time in 2002 is highly likely,'' said economist Allen Sinai of Decision Economics Inc. in Boston, but he predicted a rising number of Americans will find themselves in the ranks of the jobless for some months to come. In each of nine previous recessions since the end of World War Two, a total two million jobs were lost, suggesting the current job drain will extend for another five to six months. TIME NEEDED FOR ADJUSTMENT That means that 2002 may be ``a transition year'' at best, Sinai said. ``It looks like 2003 will be the really good year,'' he added. The character of a U.S. recovery is unclear not only because of events at home but also because the global economy is in one of its sharpest downturns since the 1980s. The United States will not get any air beneath its wings from trade with recession-wracked Japan or teetering Europe. ``There is a complex interplay of positive and negative forces in play that will determine when (growth begins) and that suggest a soft recovery -- a slow liftoff much like the recovery and the aftermath of the 1990-91 downturn,'' Sinai said, a view widely shared by those in the forecasting community. The expansion that began in March 1991 and ended exactly 10 years later started slowly, and even included a contraction in the first quarter of 1993. But then it took wing and generated millions of jobs on the back of an investment-fueled boom sparked by the information technology revolution. Many of the conditions seen as vital for recovery are in place in the United States. Interest rates are at 40-year lows after one of the Federal Reserve's most aggressive rate-cutting campaigns ever, in which it brought its key federal funds rate down to 1-3/4 percent. The U.S. central bank lowered rates 11 times by an exceptionally large 4-3/4 percentage points, leaving real or inflation-adjusted rates near or below zero, depending upon the measure of price rises used. World energy costs are lower than they were a year ago, mortgage refinancings spurred by falling interest rates have put money in consumers' pockets and the Bush administration successfully pushed through a record $1.3-trillion tax-cut program early in 2001. Both monetary and fiscal policy tools were brought to bear relatively early after top Bush administration officials, notably Vice-President Dick Cheney, began warning at the start of the year that there was a risk of recession. POLICYMAKERS TAKE A BOW ``Policymakers deserve significant credit for what they did to prepare the economy early for getting through this downturn,'' said economist Mark Zandi of Economy.com in West Chester, Pa. The element no policymaker could foresee was the severe blow to confidence from Sept. 11 attacks that smashed the World Trade Center in New York into oblivion and damaged the Pentagon, stopping commerce for days. Analysts said the success or failure of efforts by the Bush administration and Congress to agree on a new stimulus package to counter the attacks' slowing effect and help end recession remains one of the great unknowns for the economy's prospects. Negotiations in Congress continue to lurch along, with most expectations for a package of measures worth somewhere around $100 billion including additional tax relief and more money to help those who lose their jobs. A MODEST RECOVERY ``The recovery is going to be a modest one even with (fresh) stimulus,'' Zandi said. ``But if we don't get any stimulus, it threatens to be a very disappointing one that will be characterized by very low growth and rising unemployment throughout 2002.'' Unemployment will continue to hamper the recovery. Zandi estimates that the United States is headed for a 6.5 percent unemployment rate next year even with new stimulus measures in place, 7 percent if none were enacted into law. Pent-up demand for costly items like new cars and bigger homes that normally drives a recovery in the early stages is largely absent this time because consumer have binged on goods as cheap credit made purchases and financing less costly. Still, economist Tim O'Neill of Toronto-based Bank of Montreal said there has been enough drawdown of overstocked inventories to force restocking that should bring at least tepid growth in the first quarter of 2002. ``The initial boost will come from bare cupboards having to be replenished,'' O'Neill said, adding that momentum will build to a rate of growth in gross domestic product exceeding 4 percent a year in the final six months of 2002. He added: ``My expectation is that the strength of any recovery would be accelerated in time and extent by a meaningful stimulus package.''

To: Second_Titan who wrote (11124)	12/15/2001 2:10:02 PM
From: Clement	Read Replies (1) \| Respond to of 23153

Titan - I agree with you. It is all about execution. I believe that Calpine has proven itself to date having been able to expand both quickly and on budget and on time to where they are now. Calpine does not have a history of indescriminate expansion either. As analysts will tell you, once a Calpine plant is built and established, for the electic distribution companies, there is no real choice. Forgetting for the moment that Calpine's electricity is generally the cheapest, it also provides the needed supply -- without which their networks would go black. While for other companies I might be wary of the margin of error that Calpine has available to it during this economic downturn while engaging in a massive expansion, but Calpine has a good track record -- and where I think, I and others may differ, is that it boils down to an optimism that Calpine will ultimately succeed. Clement