To: Jacob Snyder who wrote (99986 ) 6/3/2003 12:49:02 PM From: Jacob Snyder Respond to of 281500 Clerics fill political void in Baghdad HAMZA HENDAWI ASSOCIATED PRESS Jun. 3, 2003 BAGHDAD—The list of recommendations for students attending al-Nidaa Intermediate School for Girls is difficult to miss. It's plastered on the gate. Observe Islam's strict dress code, it says, and call on others to follow suit. Don't watch movies and TV soap operas. Make sure you pray and read the Qur'an every day. Emboldened by Saddam Hussein's ouster last month, some Muslim clerics are wasting no time in exploiting the political void in U.S.-occupied Iraq to impose some of Islam's stricter tenets on this predominantly Muslim, but relatively liberal, nation of 24 million. The campaign is led by Shiite Muslim clerics who, since Saddam's fall, call the shots in most Baghdad neighbourhoods and in Shiite-dominated cities across the country. While distancing themselves from violence, the clerics acknowledge that creating a purist Islamic state is their ultimate goal. Besides exhorting women to take the hijab — the Islamic dress code that requires covering the entire body except the face and hands — Iraqis are told in flyers, graffiti and sermons to consult Muslim clerics on "everything, big and small." In recent weeks, some liquor stores have closed after being attacked or threatened. Cinemas showing soft-porn movies have been told to stop — or else. Some heeded the warning, showing action films instead; others just made their film posters less provocative with black paint. Graffiti across Baghdad call for the creation of an Islamic state. "No Saddam, no America, only Islam," reads one scrawling. "Iraqi society, by nature, rejects such social looseness," said Sheik Abbas al-Rabia'i, a senior Shiite cleric who runs a self-styled Islamic court at Hikmah mosque in Baghdad's al-Thawra neighbourhood. "These are dirty films that pose a danger to our youths." The campaign for a strict interpretation of Islamic laws is, predictably, accompanied by some anti-American rhetoric. At the heart of the movement, however, is the conviction propagated by clerics that al-Hawza al-Ilmiyah, the supreme Shiite learning centre in the holy city of Najaf, is the strongest and most popular authority in Iraq today. "No, no to America! No, no to Satan!" 25,000 worshippers chanted during Friday prayers last week at al-Thawra, a vast and poor Baghdad district once known as Saddam City that is home to 2 million Shiites. Shiites make up 60 per cent of Iraq's 24 million people and have a similar majority in Baghdad. Their political empowerment in the wake of Saddam's ouster has turned clerics into community leaders, taking charge of hospitals, schools, welfare, security and even creating an Islamic legal system. "Our voice is not the voice of terrorism," said Sheik Kazem al-Abadi in a recent sermon at al-Thawra's popular Mohsen mosque. "We just want to offer guidance to society." thestar.com