To: MulhollandDrive who wrote (12086 ) 1/13/2004 4:04:47 PM From: Original Mad Dog Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 14610 I hesitate to buy into any arguments about "costing" jobs. I think it's more important to look at the production side of things. An economy is measured by the value of what it produces. Put another way, if an economy produces lots of stuff (goods and services) people want at a price they're willing to pay, everything else tends to take care of itself. If you import cheap labor (or alternatively, outsource more routine tasks to cheap offshore labor), you produce more stuff at lower cost. If you replace labor with machinery or use labor more efficiently (fewer people producing more and better stuff), you produce more stuff at lower cost. If the stuff you are producing is something people want, you gain a competitive advantage (essential in a global context) for selling it and making money. Which you can then invest in business activities which employ more people to make more stuff at lower cost. Used wisely, cheap labor (and automation) helps you gain economic traction. That is particularly so if your chief competitors, in our case Europeans and developed Asian countries, have less cheap labor available. As for the jobs "lost", America more than any other country has shown itself capable of creating opportunities for new business activity. A key part of our policy, imo, should be the creation of a pro-business economic climate that makes new business activity more attractive. Clinging to the jobs we have at any given time, whether by keeping out sources of cheaper labor or preventing technological advancement that might replace human employment activity, is a recipe for decline. 55 years ago, when she was a relatively new entrant into the work force, my Mom was a telephone operator supervisor in Chicago. It was a pretty good job, back then, for someone with a high school education. It paid more than most of her high school classmates were making; it made essential services, such as connecting calls (the way she tells it, they actually had to manually insert a plug into a switchboard for each call to connect) and providing information, available to the public. Over the years, though, her job was not preserved. You could, I suppose, count it among about a half a billion "lost" jobs of the past six decades. Her job, and the job of nearly everyone else who once performed that function, was eliminated... the connecting of calls became automated, and the providing of information has largely been taken over by a combination of the Internet, offshore operators, and auto-response call handling equipment. There isn't a room full of employees at the phone company in Chicago, or anywhere else in the U.S., manually putting calls through on a switchboard at the central phone company anymore. There are still a handful of people who work as phone operators to provide information, but there are tens of thousands more calls being connected for a tiny fraction of the previous cost involving far fewer operators per call. Where are those operators now? They are not sitting on a street corner wondering who moved their cheese. Most of them went on to learn how to do something else, and got jobs or created businesses to fill their new roles. Some transformed their skills and roles numerous times over a lifetime. Some moved into and out of the workforce to raise families. Freed from the necessity of manually connecting telephone calls, they went into other activities that created valuable things for society in numerous ways. Was the economy better off even though their jobs were "lost"? Absolutely.