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To: abuelita who wrote (32212)2/14/2004 6:01:49 PM
From: Mannie  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 104216
 
Tagged marine animals shown to swim alon g
ocean highways
By Clive Cookson in Seattle
Published: February 14 2004 4:00 | Last Updated: February 14 2004 4:00

New tagging technology is enabling scientists to follow for the first time the
migration paths of the largest marine animals - fish, mammals and reptiles - for
thousands of miles across the open oceans.

It turns out creatures such as tuna and turtles tend to follow "marine highways"
where currents create the best feeding and swimming conditions.

Results of the tagging show it would be possible to protect endangered and
over-exploited species by setting up a new type of open ocean reserve varying as
sea conditions change, marine biologists told the annual meeting of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science yesterday.

Reserves on land and along coasts are defined by specific geographical features,
said Larry Crowder of Duke University Marine Laboratory in North Carolina. "In a
terrestrial system you can just draw a boundary around an important place and
you have a park. In the open ocean it's different - the habitats are
three-dimensional and moving."

But over the past few years, radio tags about the size of a small mobile phone
have been attached to several thousand animals, including tuna, turtles, sharks
and seals. These transmit each animal's position by satellite.

The scientists use the data to map migratory highways and feeding hotspots.
Andrew Read, also of Duke University, said examples included the edge of the
Gulf Stream across the North Atlantic and the Sub- Antarctic Convergence in the
Southern Ocean.

Biologists told the AAAS meeting that satellite data, showing the position of
tagged marine wildlife, combined with oceanographic measurements such as sea
temperature and the flow of currents, would soon make it feasible to define
transient marine reserves thousands of miles from land.

Here, rare species would be protected. "The United Nations has the authority to
set up marine conservation zones in the high seas," said Elliott Norse of the
Marine Conservation Biology Institute in Washington.

One of the biggest tracking programmes is for bluefin tuna, the world's most
valuable fish. A giant tuna recently fetched $173,000 (€135,839, £91,889) in
Tokyo's fish market.

"Doing surgery [to implant a tag] on a 500lb tuna on the deck of a rolling vessel
in the middle of winter is as hard as it gets," said Barbara Block of Stanford
University, a leader of the project. "But when you see a track from three years of
a bluefin's life, moving back and forth across an ocean, it makes all the hard work
worthwhile."

Satellite tagging of 800 Atlantic bluefin has revealed their migratory corridors.
"We are recognising the tunas we see off the coast of the Carolinas in the winter
might be at the Flemish Cape off Canada by spring and all the way to the
Mediterranean by summer," said Prof Block. "And then they'll make the journey
back by the end of that year to the western Atlantic."

news.ft.com



To: abuelita who wrote (32212)3/4/2004 6:07:52 PM
From: lurqer  Read Replies (1) | Respond to of 104216
 
usually plant 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 in two or three
week intervals so they don't all come on
at once.


Not my problem. If you figure that pre-soaked peas planted before Valentines Day should now be up, I'm 1 for 127. Now, it's not like this is my first time gardening, although I haven't done a lot lately. But I've grown lots of peas. Just not in this exact location. While the soil may be a contributing factor, I believe the principal culprit is birds. Some three or four days after I planted, when I would wander over to the planting location, I would find a series of conical holes - each 'bout 2" across, and 1½" deep. The depressions were exactly where I had planted the peas, and if I covered the depressions, a new set would appear the next day. Moreover, careful examination would reveal the remnants of what looked like pea sprouts scattered about.

Although I've never had this problem before, I was reluctant to "throw good after bad". So doing a little "inventory engineering", I came up with a 25' roll of 6" wide wire mesh labeled as a rain gutter cover. Bending 'bout 1¼ to 1½" of each edge over 90", I have three sides of a wire mesh prism. Placing the bent edges on the ground and some stones on the raised 3+" flat side, I hope I have a bird (Crow?) proof enclosure. Anyway I should soon know, as I started soaking some more peas this past weekend.

Meanwhile, the blackberry transplanting and cleanup was a great success. Am looking forward to a long pickin' season.

Fudd aka

lurqer